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Yoshida, Gowers et al. examined somatic mutations in normal lung epithelium to better understand the effects of tobacco smoking, and stopping smoking, on normal tissue biology and how these effects relate to lung cancer development.
Zagato et al. have identified bacterial species of the microbiome that are lost during intestinal tumorigenesis. Mouse Faecalibaculum rodentium and its human homologue exert their antitumorigenic effect on cell proliferation through the production of short chain fatty acids.
Two studies by Park et al. and Papalarazou et al. explored mechanoresponses of cancer cell metabolism in the lung and pancreas, respectively. They identify distinct mechanisms of adaptation to changes in extracellular matrix stiffness, thereby maintaining the cells’ ability to grow or disseminate.
This Review focuses on the role of tumour cell-autonomous signalling after radiotherapy. It describes how radiotherapy, through its immunomodulating effects, might be combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors and other immunotherapies and how DNA damage response inhibitors in combination with radiotherapy may be used to further augment this approach.
Recent single-cell RNA-sequencing studies have revealed a range of intratumoural T cell states, both within and between patients. This Review outlines the CD8+ T cell states that have been identified in human tumours and the potential roles they play in tumour control as well as how they are influenced by immune checkpoint blockade.
This Analysis surveys several major cancer systems biology approaches with attention to how well their resulting network maps cover, and enhance, our knowledge of cancer pathways.
This Perspective discusses the theory of multi-task evolution in cancer, which can contribute to understanding tumour diversity. It introduces the concept of generalist and specialist tumours in the contexts of driver mutations and discusses the potential applications to interpret intratumour heterogeneity.
