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This Opinion article discusses the recurring regulatory architecture that is both necessary and sufficient to maintain tumour cell state. Considering this architecture provides a valuable reductionist framework to study the genetic heterogeneity of human disease and to drive key translational applications.
The four tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) regulate proteolysis of a vast range of matrix and cell surface proteins, affecting tumour architecture and cell signalling. This Review article analyses the role of TIMPs in cancer and their potential as targets and biomarkers.
This Opinion article discusses the various migration modes used by cancer cells in confining microenvironments and explains how understanding confined cancer cell motilityin vivo through the application of engineered in vitromodels could help to develop therapeutic approaches to prevent metastases.
Ovarian cancer comprises a broad range of histologically and genetically different tumours. In this Opinion article, Karneziset al. explore the different origins of ovarian cancers and how these contribute to our understanding of genetic and environmental risk to better prevent and treat these tumours.
This Opinion article discusses many controversial issues surrounding the connections of progestogens, which stimulate the progesterone receptor, to breast cancer risk and their possible therapeutic use in breast cancer.
This Review summarizes progress in applying nanotechnology to cancer treatment and discusses the challenges of clinical translation and opportunities to develop more effective nanotherapeutics through our increasing understanding of tumour biology and nano–bio interactions.
This Review discusses the molecular processes and clonal evolution that lead to myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and secondary acute myeloid leukaemia, highlighting the ways in which these insights are shaping the clinical management of MDS.
In this Timeline article, Aasenet al. look back over 50 years of research linking gap junctions and connexins to cancer, highlighting the conditional nature of their role in cancer progression, future challenges and therapeutic strategies.
In this Review, Zitvogelet al. describe the mouse models of transplantable, carcinogen-induced and genetically engineered tumours that have laid the foundations of oncoimmunology.
This Timeline article describes the discovery of the Epstein–Barr virus and summarizes the key advances in the field that have led to our current understanding of the role this virus plays in a number of different lymphoid and epithelial malignancies.
In this Opinion article, the authors propose that the function of Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) in maintaining, rather than specifying, transcriptional repression can explain its seemingly contradictory roles in cancer.
Altered cancer cell metabolism can result in intracellular metabolite concentration changes. This Review discusses the mechanisms that lead to metabolite concentration changes in cancer cells, the consequences of these changes and how they might be exploited to improve cancer therapy.
Lipid metabolism, especially fatty acid (FA) synthesis, is essential for membrane biosynthesis, energy storage and the generation of signalling molecules. This Review explores how FA synthesis promotes tumorigenesis and tumour progression and might be targeted therapeutically.
The availability of oxygen and nutrients changes during tumour evolution, which can have an effect on gene expression and diverse metabolic reactions as cells try to adapt to the new environment. In this Review the authors summarize how these metabolic adaptations are integrated in hypoxic tumour cells and their role in disease progression.
The reprogramming of glucose metabolism in cancer cells, which have increased flux through glycolysis and related pathways, offers the promise of targeted inhibitors to selectively eradicate cancer cells either by themselves or as adjuvants to existing therapeutic modalities.
Serine supports many biosynthetic pathways, including the one-carbon cycle. This Review discusses how cancer cells acquire and use serine, and explores novel therapeutic approaches to limit serine metabolism.
Alterations in the epigenome and metabolism bidirectionally regulate molecular rewiring in cancer cells. This Review discusses how metabolic remodelling can contribute to tumour epigenetic alterations, thereby affecting cancer cell differentiation, proliferation and/or apoptosis as well as therapeutic responses.
This Review discusses how acetate functions as a nutritional source for tumours and as a regulator of cancer cell stress, and how preventing its (re)capture by cancer cells may provide an opportunity for therapeutic intervention.
The mevalonate (MVA) pathway is an essential metabolic pathway that is affected by many oncogenic signalling pathways. This Review discusses the opportunity to immediately target the MVA pathway in cancer with agents approved for other therapeutic uses, such as statins.
This Review assesses what we have learnt about adoptive cell transfer of engineered T cells for the treatment of patients with B cell malignancies and discusses how this therapy can be improved and applied to other malignancies, including solid tumours.
