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Three different studies identify Asgardarchaeota-linked virus genomes that share commonalities with both prokaryotic and eukaryotic viruses, yet they represent independent phylogenetic groups.
Viral genomes that infected two Asgard archaeal phyla recovered from deep-sea hydrothermal sediment metagenomes reveal that these viruses have characteristics of prokaryotic and eukaryotic viruses.
The closed chromosome of an Asgard archaeon, Candidatus Odinarchaeum yellowstonii LCB_4, revealed CRISPR spacers, which were used to identify archaeal viruses.
The DarTG toxin-antitoxin system protects bacteria against phage infection via ADP-ribosylation of the viral DNA, and this can be evaded by phages via mutation of their DNA polymerase or the gp61.2 anti-DarT factor.
The pathways responsible for inositol lipid production in human gut Bacteroides are characterized and these lipids are important for capsule expression and antimicrobial peptide resistance in vitro and colonization in vivo.
Well-replicated, ecologically realistic, long-term field experiments were conducted to test the effects of warming on soil microbial diversity. Warming significantly reduced the biodiversity of soil bacteria, fungi and protists by altering environmental selections and biotic interactions, potentially disrupting the functional processes of the soil ecosystem.
Therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (COV2-2196/COV2-2130) inhibited the replication of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1 but not BA.1.1 variants in the lungs of Syrian hamsters. Antivirals (molnupiravir and S-217622) were effective against BA.1 in hamsters.
Combining conjugation and structural analyses, the authors show that TraN-OMP pairings determine bacterial conjugation species specificity, with implications in resistance plasmid distribution within Enterobacteriaceae.
Soil microbes control the cycling of carbon, but how these communities will respond to climate changes is unknown. Here, 7 years of artificial warming decreased microbial richness and diversity, driven mostly by soil moisture loss.
Analysis of the humoral and cellular immune response to the BBV152/Covaxin inactivated vaccine reveals that it induces a robust SARS-CoV-2-specific immune memory that persists for at least 6 months and shows somewhat reduced efficiency against SARS-CoV-2 variants.
Salmonella promotes IL-22 production in group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) to promote infection, and invades ILC3s causing caspase-1 activation and pyroptosis, which control bacterial replication.
Modelling using metagenomic data has revealed partitioning of the ocean into discrete microbial genomic provinces, but climate change might restructure their global organization.
A method that exploits the double-stranded DNA-targeting capability of the bacterial toxin-derived cytosine deaminase, DddA, can map DNA–protein interactions in bacteria in vivo at genome-wide scale.