Reviews & Analysis

Metformin can promote the regeneration of neural precursor cell populations and improve cognitive function in a preclinical model of cranial radiation and a pilot clinical study of children after cranial radiation and chemotherapy.

The Healthy Nevada Project shows that otherwise invisible disease risk can be revealed through DNA-based screening. Identifying these monogenic risks could be the first step toward a new population health-screening program.

The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the crucial importance of antibody surveys in estimating the incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection at a population level. Studies in Brazil and China address the use of serology to obtain a better estimate of the infection rate.

Injured human donor lungs deemed unsuitable for immediate transplantation may be successfully recovered by connection into the circulation of a porcine host with perfusion and ventilation ex vivo for 24 hours.

Recent clinical observations have prompted clinicians to think of COVID-19 as being more than a respiratory disease.

Data routinely collected in the emergency department after trauma have the potential to predict those at risk of later PTSD, which shows promise for computational psychiatry.

An analysis of the microbiomes of the Irish Traveller community, which has recently undergone enforced lifestyle changes, increases understanding of the environmental factors that shape the gut microbiome.

A simple blood test performed alongside PET-CT imaging facilitates early cancer detection in asymptomatic women.

A machine-learning model can predict differences between people in how they respond to meals.

To support progress in genomic epidemiology, a transparent, user-friendly approach is required.

Combined culture-dependent and culture-independent metagenomic sequencing methods reveal the pervasive and long-lasting presence of antimicrobial resistance genes within a tertiary hospital environment.

Therapeutic interventions in colorectal cancer are dependent on immune responses to dying epithelial cells that are modulated by specific members of the gut microbiota.

Interleukin-8, produced by intratumoral and circulating myeloid cells, correlates with an immunosuppressive myeloid-enriched tumor microenvironment and adverse cancer prognosis.

PrEP is being incorporated into national HIV-prevention strategies in African countries, with key at-risk populations being prioritized. Expansion of these programs will require better access to and communication about these therapies.

Modeling an approach in which people who have recovered from COVID-19 are returned to society to reduce interactions between infected people and vulnerable people indicates the effectiveness of such an approach in reducing deaths.

Deaths from opioid overdose in the USA have followed three distinct waves that have all affected baby boomers, generation X and millennials.

A ‘fast-fail’ clinical-trial approach for depression indicates that engaging κ-opioid-receptor antagonism improves reward-circuit dysfunction and anhedonia.

The Cancer Core Europe centers share their experience on caring for patients with cancer during the COVID-19 pandemic ― a time of challenges and opportunities for cancer health professionals, researchers and patients alike.

The emerging success of neoadjuvant therapy is creating opportunities for understanding successful immune responses and improving therapies using this unique pool of knowledge.

Novel RNA-targeting antisense therapy is shown to reduce lipoprotein(a) levels in 286 patients with existing atherosclerotic disease by upwards of 80% in a phase 2 clinical trial.