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Historically, hypertension control has been neglected in global and national health policies. We demonstrate how achieving an ‘80-80-80’ target for hypertension worldwide could considerably improve population-wide cardiovascular health and lessen inequalities across countries, forming a pillar of a renewed global non-communicable diseases agenda in the post-COVID-19 era.
A study evaluating serial injections of oncolytic virus therapy shows promising outcomes in patients with glioblastoma, and opens the door to longitudinal study designs with the potential to yield rich molecular insights.
This Perspective delivers an introduction to syndemic thinking, and provides insights into how epidemics interact and what scientists, clinicians and policymakers can do with this information.
In the phase 3 SPR1NT trial, pre-symptomatic gene therapy demonstrated impressive clinical outcomes in infants with a genetic diagnosis of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA); long-term safety follow-up of these patients must now be a key priority.
Findings from a nationwide cohort study in Sweden, polygenic risk score analyses in a general population-based cohort in the United Kingdom, Mendelian randomization analyses and genetic correlation (linkage disequilibrium) analyses suggest a link between parental diagnosis of and genetic liability to inflammatory bowel disease and autism in children.
Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 evolution during chronic infection reveals that in this setting, the virus evolves to bear mutations similar to those seen in variants of concern, and that many of these mutations are associated with antibody evasion. However, as mutations associated with high SARS-CoV-2 transmissibility are not observed, the emergence of variants of concern during chronic infection might be rare.
The concentrations of two key blood biomarkers for Alzheimer’s disease are affected by some medical conditions, which could potentially lead to misdiagnosis.
Precision medicine for rheumatic diseases is still in its infancy, but recent advances are enabling comprehensive profiling and mechanistic insights. This Review outlines the progress, promises, and challenges of translating these findings into the clinic.
Climate change is projected to increase the frequency and intensity of extreme ambient temperatures, particularly in the Global South. By analyzing temperature and mortality data from over 300 cities in Latin America, we found that sub-optimal ambient temperatures are associated with increases in age- and cause-specific mortality.
A new genome-wide polygenic risk score for chronic kidney disease (CKD) that combines APOL1 risk genotypes with polygenic effects was validated in 15 diverse cohorts. The top 2% of the score reproducibly conveyed a threefold higher risk of CKD across all ancestries, a degree of risk that is equivalent to a positive family history of kidney disease.
The authors propose a new conceptual model of critical illness that moves away from the current syndrome-based framework in favor of more precise biological descriptors—spurred by mounting translational evidence and insights from Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) research.
Restoration of visual function in degenerative retinal disease may be an attainable goal, thanks to advances in cell-based therapy, gene therapy, and prosthetics. This Review discusses the most promising strategies that will probably reach clinical use in the next decade.
New technologies allow the noninvasive detection and staging of asymptomatic alcohol-associated liver disease; further refinement of this approach could transform clinical management and improve patient outcomes.
Substance addiction is a major public health crisis. Neuromodulation treatments show promise, but the therapeutic targets remain unclear. Studying human brain lesions that led to addiction remission with the lesion-network-mapping approach resulted in the identification of a brain circuit shared across addiction disorders that may have therapeutic potential.
Biopsies from synovial joints — and the abundance of B cells and macrophages therein — may instruct more effective treatment decisions for individuals with rheumatoid arthritis.
Preventing atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in adults will require innovative public health approaches focused on children and families, to improve risk factor trajectories across the lifespan and prioritize children at highest risk of future disease.
A phase 3 trial highlights the importance of problem-led design, multidisciplinary commitment and patient-reported outcomes — with skilled oncology nurses having a crucial role.
A prospective clinical study evaluating patients 28–60 days after hospitalization for COVID-19 reveals increased cardio-renal inflammation, reduced lung function and poorer self-reported clinical outcomes in patients relative to that in control participants.
Experiencing a mental health crisis has a detrimental impact on a patient’s life. A machine learning algorithm trained retrospectively with electronic health records can predict almost 60% of mental health crises 4 weeks in advance. Prospective evaluation of the algorithm in clinical practice reveals its potential to enable preemptive interventions.
