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The role of CD47—often expressed on tumor cells—as a 'don't eat me' signal that inhibits macrophage phagocytosis is well established. But new work reveals a major role for other immune cell types—T cells and dendritic cells—in the anti-tumor effects of therapeutic CD47 blockade.
During viral infections, antigen-presenting cells (APC) have traditionally been thought to recruit and activate CD4+ T cells by presenting fragments of viral proteins captured from the extracellular environment. A new study indicates that the material the APCs need to present is much closer: in fact, APCs need to make it themselves.
Several independent groups question the reliability of an antibody-based method that is used to isolate oogonial stem cells from the ovaries of adult humans, nonhuman primates and mice.
The Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) recently terminated its MD/PhD training program without clear alternative funding in place. This misguided decision must urgently be reversed, as it has the potential to diminish a unique pool of graduates at the forefront of translational research.
Depression is mechanistically not well understood. A new study investigates the expression of chromatin-remodeling complexes in a mouse model for depression and describes an epigenetic pathway that may explain why some individuals are more susceptible to stress-induced depression than others.
The proposed 21st Century Cures Act is a potential boon to the funding woes faced by the US National Institutes of Health and the Food and Drug Administration. But a careful look at the provisions within the bill is warranted to avoid enacting policies that could undermine the progressive translation of research into clinical products.
MicroRNA-148a, whose expression is regulated by the transcription factor SREBP1c, controls LDL and HDL metabolism through direct targeting of the genes encoding the LDL receptor and the cholesterol transporter ABCA1.
CD4+ T cell responses are classically induced by presentation of exogenous antigens by antigen-presenting cells. Miller et al. now report that endogenous presentation drives most CD4+ T cell responses in influenza-infected mice.
An intracortical neural prosthetic system developed in animal studies is translated for clinical use in humans with paralysis. Neural control of computer cursor movements achieved with this system represent the highest performance reported to date.
A pipeline incorporating genetic fine mapping, epigenome editing, and genome editing enables functional analysis of disease-associated SNPs located in non-protein-coding regions of the genome.