Externally applied electrical stimulation over the cervical spinal cord improves arm and hand functions in people with chronic tetraplegia due to spinal cord injury.

This Review outlines the state of the art of artificial intelligence in the preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative settings, where it has enormous potential to improve patient outcomes, surgical education and system efficiencies.

Multiomic factor analysis of blood multiomic data, including single-cell transcriptomics, for individuals with either acute or chronic coronary syndrome identifies immune cell signatures that correlate with treatment outcomes.

Quality assurance labs should independently test AI health tools.

In a pre-specified secondary analysis of the SELECT trial, once-weekly subcutaneous semaglutide 2.4 mg in patients with obesity was associated with a 22% reduction in the main 5-component kidney composite endpoint compared to patients on placebo.

A multimodal deep learning prognostic model based on histopathology outperforms current gold standards for identifying patients with endometrial cancer with different outcomes, in multiple external validation cohorts.

By leveraging paired microbiome and human gene expression data from pediatric patients who underwent hematopoietic cell transplantation, distinct lung–immune system–microorganism interactions were identified as important drivers of fatal lung injury.

Sustained safety outcomes were seen at 2-year follow-up after induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal stromal cell infusion in 15 individuals with steroid-resistant acute graft-versus-host disease.

In the COMPASSION-04 trial, first-line treatment with a bispecific antibody targeting CTLA-4 and PD-1 and chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced or metastatic gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma resulted in clinical responses with a manageable safety profile.

Multiomics and spatial mapping of tumor samples derived from a real-world cohort of patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma, as well as integration of transcriptomics and human leukocyte antigen genotyping data, provides a machine learning-derived signature of response to immune checkpoint blockade.

A modeling study marking 50 years of vaccination through the Expanded Programme on Immunization of the World Health Organization highlights its lifesaving impact on infant and child health.

A framework is presented for equitable and effective microbiome research partnerships between African researchers, international partners, healthcare professionals, policymakers and stakeholders.

The National Cancer Institute’s Office of Data Sharing is implementing a framework for data sharing and public access policies, which will empower innovation and maximize therapeutic benefits for the cancer community.

Next-generation liquid biopsy technologies that target the detection of cell-free DNA with fragments of circulating tumor DNA could be a game-changer in early cancer detection, but their adoption requires further clinical testing and consideration of harm.

An early-phase trial suggests safety and improvements in vision after treatment with the CRISPR-based therapy EDIT-101, providing proof of concept for in vivo retinal gene editing.

Quality assurance labs should independently test AI health tools.