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Verdeil and colleagues show that the transcription factor NFAT5 is selectively required in tumor-induced, but not chronic infection-induced, CD8+ T cell exhaustion, possibly due to the modulation of NFAT5 activation by hyperosmolarity in the tumor environment.
To kill target cells, cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) form an immune synapse (IS) to elicit cell death and the IS then dissolves to allow for CTL serial killing. Huse et al. find that IS dissolution occurs concomitantly with cytoskeletal contraction of apoptotic targets and this is both necessary and sufficient for CTL dissociation
Immune cells are generally considered to be able to move through tissues using nonadhesive amoeboid migration mechanics. Here, the authors show that, unlike other immune cells, mast cells do not use this method and instead are completely reliant on integrin–ECM interactions.
The authors show that Nlrp10 can form a functional inflammasome in vitro and ex vivo, and that this inflammasome is protective in dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis in mice.
NLRP10 has been considered as an inflammasome inhibitor. Here the authors show that upon mitochondrial rupture, NLRP10 assembles a canonical inflammasome and is highly expressed in differentiated keratinocytes, possibly supporting skin homeostasis.
Robbiani and colleagues show that antibodies against specific chemokines are detected in COVID-19 convalescents and may modulate the inflammatory response and disease outcome.