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Sagar and colleagues provide a comprehensive single-cell multimodal landscape of γδ T cells in various mouse tissues, unveiling site-specific adaptations and highlighting key tissue residency features of γδ T cells.
Anrather and colleagues provide a longitudinal single-cell transcriptomic atlas of brain and mouse blood following stroke, describing brain-infiltrating leukocytes, circulating leukocytes, microglia and endothelium diversity over the ischemic–reperfusion time
Randolph and colleagues analyze the immune cells in the human and mouse peritoneum and show that the major populations of serous cavity-resident macrophages in humans and mice represent distinct differentiation stages of an overlapping differentiation program.
Koelle and colleagues use an activation marker-dependent approach to determine the recruitment of TCR by three doses of mRNA vaccination in individuals previously infected with SARS-CoV-2.
Using TEA-seq, Thomson et al. detail transcriptional and epigenetic alterations in the T cell compartment between healthy children and older adults, leading to the discovery of a novel pediatric CD8αα+ population poised for rapid effector responses.
Streets, Yosef, Robey and colleagues use multiomics analysis to generate a comprehensive timeline of the CD4+ and CD8+ T cell lineage commitment and identify sequential waves of TCR signaling that first initiate CD4+ T cell lineage differentiation and then CD8+ T cells lineage specification.
Garner et al. analyzed the single-cell transcriptome and TCR repertoire of matched blood and liver, and resting and activated, human MAIT cells. They identify donor-specific TCR repertoires shared across tissues and a transcriptome that is largely homogeneous at rest, but highly adaptive to different tissue and stimulation environments.
Stevens and colleagues show that human stem-cell-differentiated microglia can be used to model the extensive transcriptional diversity of human brain microglia.
Glass and colleagues show that the transcription factor SALL1-associated super-enhancer is exclusively activated in microglia, in part through SMAD4-mediated signaling, and that SALL1 subsequently enforces microglia-specific functions of SMAD4.
Akassoglou and colleagues provide a single-cell RNA sequencing and phosphoprotein analysis of the responses of central nervous system microglia and macrophages to blood proteins including activated complement and fibrin. Their findings point to potential therapeutic targeting of microglia activation by immune and vascular signals.
Smith et al. present a resource detailing drivers of transcriptional heterogeneity of synovial fibroblasts cell states in the inflamed joints of human patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
Benhar and colleagues provide an atlas of non-neuronal cells in the adult mouse retina at steady state and after optic nerve injury and identify key cellular and molecular events along the path of neuronal degeneration after injury.
Ruffieux, Hess and colleagues analyze longitudinal phenotyping of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 to show that covariation of innate immune cell numbers, kynurenine metabolites and lipid metabolites influence the restoration of homeostasis, the risk of death and that of long COVID.
Colonna and colleagues report dysregulated gene expression in microglia harboring homozygous mutations of DAP12 from individuals with Nasu–Hakola disease, a form of early-onset dementia.
Betts and colleagues have developed a method for characterizing the HIV reservoir at the single-cell level to gain insight into the heterogeneous nature of CD4+ T cells harboring HIV-1 proviral DNA in patients undergoing antiretroviral treatment.
Pulendran and colleagues perform a comparative analysis of transcriptional responses of healthy young adults across 13 different vaccines. They find that while a common transcriptional program is shared across many vaccines, there is significant heterogeneity especially in the kinetics of immune responses.
Sekaly and colleagues reveal a common pre-vaccination peripheral blood transcriptional signature that is predictive of antibody responses across 13 different vaccines.
Here, the authors use genome-scale in vivo CRISPR screens to look at immune evasion mechanisms across cancer models, showing that IFN-mediated upregulation of classical and non-classical MHC class I inhibitory checkpoints facilitate immune escape.
Recent studies suggest that neutrophils can exhibit substantial function diversity. Here, Ostuni and colleagues perform immunophenotyping and transcriptome analysis to characterize the heterogeneity of human neutrophils, both under steady state and upon stress-induced conditions.
Zhang and colleagues use single-cell RNA sequencing on the nasal mucosa to identify cell subsets and molecules that specifically contribute to the pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis subtypes.