Articles

Keratin 76 (Krt76) is an epithelial differentiation marker that is downregulated in oral squamous cell carcinomas, correlating with poor prognosis. Here the authors show that genetic ablation of Krt76 in a mouse model results in increased susceptibility to carcinogenesis via enhanced accumulation of Tregs.

A promising and efficient route to chiral materials involves the transfer of chirality across length scales. Here, the authors use chiral molecular precursors to synthesize chiral carbon nanodots, which in turn can template the formation of chiral supramolecular assemblies.

Epidermal homeostasis is maintained by the activity of stem cells. Here, the authors show that deficiency of the transcription factor JunB leads to altered Notch signaling in stem cells, resulting in a cell fate switch and de novo formation of aberrant sebaceous glands, altered epidermal differentiation and impaired barrier function.

Eukaryotic elongation factor 1 alpha (eEF1A) is subject to extensive post-translational methylation but not all responsible enzymes are known. Here, the authors identify METTL13 as an eEF1A methyltransferase with dual specificity, which is involved in the codon-specific modulation of mRNA translation.

Lamina-associated domains (LADs) contact lamins in the nuclear lamina, and lamin B1 was thought to bind heterochromatic regions at the nuclear envelope. Here, the authors show lamin B1 associates with actively expressed euchromatin regions, creating dynamic euchromatin lamina-associated domains (eLADs) during epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition.

Transition metal dichalcogenides may host exotic topological phases in the two-dimensional limit, but detailed atomic properties have rarely been explored. Here, Ugeda et al. observe edge-states at the interface between a single layer quantum spin Hall insulator 1T′-WSe₂ and a semiconductor 1H-WSe₂.

The molecular mechanisms leading to heart failure in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy are unclear. Here the authors show that NF-κB is activated in the heart of dystrophin-deficient mice and that its ablation rescues cardiac function through chromatin remodeling and activation of gene expression.

The mechanisms responsible for the burial of vast quantities of organic matter during Ocean Anoxic Event remain unclear. Here, the authors combine biogeochemical analysis and modeling and show that sulfurization could play a critical role in facilitating globally elevated burial of organic matter.

The optimal type or regional origin of stem cells for regenerative applications in the nervous system has not yet been established. Here the authors show that human neuroepithelial stem cells from the developing spinal cord, but not those from the developing cortex, show good host-graft interaction when transplanted to rodent models of spinal cord injury.

One of the most dramatic effects of supramolecular assembly is the generation of homochirality in near-racemic systems. Here the authors rationalize the chiral amplification mechanism with a combined scanning tunneling microscopy and modelling study of surface-grown enantiomerically unbalanced supramolecular bilayers.

Novel therapeutic strategies are needed to improve the treatment outcome of hepatocellular carcinoma. Here, the authors develop a theranostical targeted nanomedicine platform that reveals the key oncogenic role of PBOV1 in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Carrier multiplication processes based on new electron-hole pair generation is instrumental to realizing ultrafast and efficient optoelectronic devices. Here, the authors demonstrate multilayered black phosphorous-based transistors that show enhanced performance due to carrier multiplication.

Bacterial microcompartments (BMCs) are protein-bound organelles encapsulating segments of metabolic pathways. Here the authors utilize specific de novo coiled-coil protein-protein interactions to display proteins on the outer or inner surface of BMCs.

Here, the authors experimentally observed, numerically simulate, and mathematically analyze the existence of amplitude gaps for elastic vector solitons in highly deformable mechanical metamaterials consisting of rigid units and elastic hinges.

Distributing a reaction workload across laboratories can solve chemical problems more efficiently, but it is challenging to develop viable hardware and software. Here, the authors present an internet-connected network of cheap robots that can perform chemical reactions and share outcomes in real time, demonstrating a digitized approach to chemical collaboration.

One-dimensional materials such as carbon nanotubes have many applications, but not all of their properties can be described in the same way as for conventional media. Here, the authors devise a method to measure the complex optical susceptibility in a 1D nanomaterial and demonstrate it for carbon nanotubes.

Aryl sulfonamides and sultams are important pharmacophores in medicinal chemistry. Here, the authors report a practical palladium-catalyzed C–H activation assisted by amino-acid residues in the substrate leading to arylsulfonamides and bioactive peptidosulfonamide macrocycles.

The actin-based motor Myosin1d is needed to establish left–right asymmetry in Drosophila. Here the authors show that myosin 1d has a role in lumen formation, vacuole trafficking and left-right asymmetry establishment during zebrafish development.

Stromal-tumour interactions play an important role in pancreatic cancer progression. Here, they describe the development of a tumour microenvironment-responsive gold nanoparticle system incorporating all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and siRNA against heat shock protein 47 (HSP47), for use in pancreatic cancer treatment.

Doping carbon-based materials with nitrogen is effective for enhancing catalytic activity for oxygen reduction; however, directing nitrogen dopants to specific locations is difficult. Here the authors employ hydrogen-substituted graphdiyne as a matrix for nitrogen doping, leading to enhanced performance.