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How the visual system adapts to stimuli along multiple feature axes during natural viewing is poorly understood. Here, the authors show significant enhancement of stimulus coding of image features in visual cortex after rapid exposure to an orthogonal feature.
The risks of major congenital anomalies associated with SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in early pregnancy are not well understood. Here, the authors conduct a population-based cohort study using electronic health records from Scotland and find no evidence of an association, supporting vaccine safety in pregnancy.
Cyanoarene-based photocatalysts are widely used due to their catalytic performance, but the formation of the active species and its potential degradation pathways are poorly understood. Here, the authors investigate these pathways under commonly-used photoredox-mediated reaction conditions.
Time-dependent calculations are widely employed in simulating spectra. Here, the authors present a basis set truncation scheme to analyse and accelerate TDDFT calculations with negligible change in the resulting electronic spectra.
Hidden marine heatwaves, associated with ocean eddies that modulate undersea internal waves, threaten coastal ecosystems by driving unexpected sub-surface heating and severe coral bleaching and mortality across depths.
The authors use resonant wireless power transfer to remotely trap and release nanoparticles in solution and detect their presence as a shift in impedance in real-time. This is accomplished using the extreme field confinement of a nanogap capacitor.
A subset of Sec14 domain proteins use their gated hydrophobic pocket to bind and transport lipids. Here the authors provide structural and biochemical data revealing how the Sec14-fold of a Rho-GEF forms a surface groove that interacts with lysolipids.
Variability in ALS disease onset and progression are poorly understood. Our work identifies three distinct molecular states in post-mortem tissue that capture some of the observed differences in patient age of onset and survival.
Some forms of mitochondrial dysfunction can cause sterile inflammation, but the way in which it might affect muscle fitness is not well understood. Here, the authors show that altered mitochondrial dynamics can cause the production of mitochondrial DNA-driven inflammatory signals mediated by endosome-mitochondria contacts, leading to muscle inflammation, atrophy, reduced physical performance and enhanced exercise-induced inflammatory responses.
The study by Williams et al shows targeting the aberrant histone modifying enzyme Smyd3 rescues NMDAR and cognitive deficits in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease. It highlights the potential of epigenetic treatment in neurodegenerative diseases.
The potassium channel selectivity filter is responsible for conduction and selectivity of K + over other cations. Here, the authors use a combination of single molecule FRET, non-canonical fluorescent amino acid incorporation, and single channel patch-clamp electrophysiology, to establish the generality of K + -induced SF conformational stability across the K + channel superfamily.
T cell exhaustion in breast tumours remains to be fully characterised. Here, single cell transcriptomics and imaging mass cytometry analysis of luminal breast tumours with or without exhausted T cells suggests distinct patterns of PD-1 and CXCL13 expression in T cells, and of MHC-I, but not PD-L1, expression in tumour cells.
The bacterium Brucella abortus is an intracellular pathogen that modulates autophagy in host cells. Here, the authors identify two B. abortus effectors that interact with host protease SENP3, thus promoting cytoplasmic accumulation of nucleolar proteins associated with ribosomal biogenesis and facilitating intracellular replication of the pathogen
The authors link the frequency of convective storms in the Amazon basin to the density of large forest mortality events (windthrows) and project an increase in forest disturbance from these dynamics due to climate warming over this century.
Phase transitions in crystals are challenging to study with atomic resolution. Here, the authors reveal that the transition from fcc to bcc occurs across a few-atoms-wide coherent interface, which serves as a precursor phase for the nucleation of the bcc phase.
COVID-19-releated public health measures may have indirectly impacted mortality rates by causing or averting deaths. Here, the authors use data from Switzerland until April 2022 and estimate that, after accounting for deaths directly related to COVID-19, mortality was lower than expected, indicating some evidence of an overall positive impact of control measures.
Richter’s Transformation is a treatment-resistant and fatal progression from Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) to an aggressive lymphoma. Here, the authors show that PRMT5 is upregulated months prior to and after transformation, PRMT5 overexpression in a CLL mouse model leads to increased risk of transformation, and that targeted PRMT5 inhibition prolongs survival and delays disease development.
Metal sites immobilized by hydroxyl groups gain great attention, however, the role of adsorbed water derived by hydroxyl groups on the silica is generally ignored. Herein, the authors propose a new understanding of adsorbed water on the immobilization of highly dispersed tetrahedral Co(II).
Many software suites and spectral libraries have been developed for DIA proteomics data analysis. Here, the authors create benchmark data sets to evaluate four commonly used software tools combined with seven spectral libraries in both global proteomics and phosphoproteomics analysis.
Oxidative dehydrogenation of alkanes over boron nitride catalysts provides a new opportunity for efficient olefin production. Here, the authors discover in situ formed olefins can promote parent alkane conversion, and achieve activation of ethane by propane-derived olefins at a lower temperature.