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Injectable biomimetic hydrogels hold significant promise for tissue engineering applications. Here, the authors present a hybrid myoglobin:peptide hydrogel to overcome a critical oxygen shortage following neural stem cell transplantation, thus increasing cell survival and integration.
It is generally thought that complement activation in human membranous nephropathy (MN) occurs predominantly via the lectin or alternative pathway. Here, the authors show that the classical pathway is the dominant form of complement activation in MN and a pathogenic driver of the disease.
Bacteria undergo nutrient fluctuations during repeated feast and famine cycles and need to metabolically adapt to these changes. Using quantitative proteomics, Zhu & Dai show that the stringent response of (p)ppGpp is crucial for the timely adaption of bacterial growth to both amino acid and carbon downshift.
Here, using Citrobacter rodentium colonization of mice as a model, the authors characterize the impact of pathogen dose on the number of bacteria that initiate infection in the mouse gut, providing a framework for quantifying the host bottlenecks that eliminate pathogens to protect from infection.
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) capsid assembly modulators (CAM) represent a recent class of anti-HBV antivirals. Structural approaches provide limited conformational information on the CAM-induced off-path assemblies. Here, authors use solid-state NMR to establish a structural view on assembly modulation of the HBV capsid.
In this work, the authors show that metamorphism in the post-translationally modified TDP-43 prion-like domain encodes determinants that command mechanisms with major relevance in disease and stress the relevance of post-translationally modified chains as the targets for disease intervention.
LRRTM1 is a post synaptic adhesion protein, that promotes AMPA receptor mediated synaptic transmission. Here the authors show that LRRTM1 and the adhesion molecule SynCAM 1 act together to organize synapses in the prefrontal cortex with relevance for cognitive function in mice.
High-affinity antibodies are often identified through directed evolution but deep leaning methods hold great promise. Here the authors report RESP, a pipeline for efficient identification of high affinity antibodies, and apply this to the PD-L1 antibody Atezolizumab.
Antigen display on outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) can be difficult to control and highly variable. Here, the authors describe a universal approach called AvidVax for linking biotinylated antigens to the exterior of OMVs and enabling rapid vaccine assembly.
Sexual dimorphism results in widely diverse animal forms, but sexual determination is generally attributed to a single gene in animal models. Here they find that the glu gene regulates sexual dimorphism of honeybee eyes, demonstrating diversification of genetic programs for dimorphism.
The enzyme ATE1 catalyzes eukaryotic post-translation arginylation, a key protein modification necessary for cellular homeostasis. Here, the authors show that ATE1s are previously unrealized iron-sulfur proteins that use this oxygen-sensitive inorganic cofactor to control cellular arginylation
Achieving both low energy consumption and radiation-hardness is highly challenging in memory devices. Here, the authors demonstrate a sub-10 fJ/bit, radiation-hard nanoelectromechanical non-volatile memory through structural and material approaches.
Designing efficient photonic neuromorphic systems remains a challenge. Here, the authors develop an in-sensor Reservoir Computing system for multi-tasked pattern classification based on a light-responsive semiconducting polymer (p-NDI) with efficient exciton dissociations, charge trapping capability, and through-space charge-transport characteristics.
Spin defects in 2D hBN are promising for magnetic field sensing but suffer from short spin coherence times. Here the authors extend the coherence time for an ensemble of spins in hBN to 4 microseconds by using a continuous microwave drive and demonstrate qubit control in a protected spin space.
Here the authors show genome-wide chromatin changes and transcriptional reprogramming occur in response to heat stress in tomato, leading to the transient formation of promoter-enhancer contacts to drive the expression of heat-stress responsive genes. Furthermore, they show chromatin spatial reorganization requires HSFA1a, a transcription factor (TF) essential for heat stress tolerance in tomato.
KRAS is a small GTPase that regulates cell proliferation. Here, the authors show that a subset of cell surface glycosphingolipids regulate KRAS plasma membrane localization by modulating inner leaflet lipid composition, uncovering a requirement for KRAS oncogenesis that may have therapeutic potential.
Generation and control of short pulse is desired for ultrafast applications. Here the authors demonstrate ultrafast pulse generation using self-evolving photonic crystal that can transition from high loss to low loss state based on dynamic dispersion compensation.
Scattering by the upper- and lower-band chorus waves are the dominant cause of diffuse auroral precipitation. Here, the authors show that the lower-band chorus alone satisfies the preferred condition for the generation of second harmonics to trigger the diffuse auroral electron precipitation.
Most genetic studies of glucose levels have been done on fasting samples, which can be difficult to obtain. Here, the authors identify 156 genetic loci controlling the physiological variation of glucose levels in healthy non-fasting individuals, demonstrating that the results non-fasting samples can be used to predict fasting glucose levels.