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Commensal microbes contribute considerably to mammalian metabolism. Here the authors report the relative contributions of microbiome, age and sex to metabolism throughout the body and uncover age- and sex- specificity in how microbes affect metabolite levels in mice.
The collective nature of reorientational dynamics in water remains poorly understood. Here, the authors show that large angular fluctuations require a highly cooperative dynamics involving correlated motion of many water molecules in the hydrogen-bond network that form spatially connected clusters.
Kidney injury leads to fibrosis during the progression of chronic kidney disease. Here the authors report that the DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs) drives chronic kidney disease progression in a study with male mice, potentially via TAF7/RAPTOR/mTORC1 signaling.
Surveillance of respiratory pathogens in air may improve understanding of indoor transmission risks but impacts of context-specific factors on pathogen abundance are not well understood. Here, the authors investigate factors associated with 29 respiratory pathogens through surveillance of 21 community settings in Belgium.
Chromosomal instability leads to aneuploidy, a state of karyotype imbalance. By inducing controlled chromosome mis-segregation, Santaguida and colleagues show that aneuploidy can also instigate chromosomal instability.
Lassa virus vaccination is impeded by the limited capacity of vaccine candidates to induce rapid protection. In this study, the authors found that a single shot of a measles-based Lassa vaccine protected nonhuman primates 16 or 8 days after vaccination.
Encapsulation engineering is an effective strategy to improve the stability of perovskite solar cells. Here, authors design and synthesize self-crosslinked fluorosilicone polymer gel for nondestructive encapsulation at room temperature, and maintain 98% of efficiency after 1000 h in damp heat test.
Based on two high-resolution simulations, the authors find that submesoscale eddies significantly boost poleward oceanic heat transport in Antarctic waters by strengthening transport capability of mesoscale eddies through inverse energy cascade.
Biased signaling in κ-opiod receptors (KOR) offer an attractive strategy for pain management. Here the authors identify determinants of KOR signaling bias using structural methods in combination with molecular dynamics simulations.
Inspired by the multisensory cue integration in macaque’s brain for spatial perception, the authors develop a neuromorphic motion-cognition nerve that achieves cross-modal perceptual enhancement for robotics and wearable applications.
Single-molecule 3D tracking is critical to understand macromolecular dynamics but achieving this at a sub-millisecond resolution remains challenging. Here the authors present a 3D tracking method based on cross-entropy minimization and the true excitation point spread function.
Cuprate superconductors are known for their intertwined interactions and coexistence of competing orders. Here, the authors observe a Fano resonance in the nonlinear THz response of La2-xSrxCuO4, which may arise from a coupling between superconducting and charge-density-wave amplitude fluctuations.
It is challenging to develop high-activity and durable catalysts for both ethanol oxidation reaction on the anode and oxygen reduction reaction on the cathode. Here in this work, authors proposed Pd/Co@N-C catalyst as a model to synergistically maximize the usage of catalyst nanoparticles and active interfaces for direct ethanol fuel cells.
Chemotherapeutic agents and immune checkpoint inhibitors have shown modest efficacy in patients with advanced biliary tract cancers (BTCs). Here the authors report the results of a phase II trial of the anti-PD1 antibody sintilimab plus chemotherapy (gemcitabine and cisplatin) as first-line treatment for patients with advanced BTCs.
There is interest in measuring the influence of spatial cellular organization on pathophysiology, which is being accomplished through spatial transcriptomics. There the authors present UniCell Deconvolve, a pre-trained deep learning model that predicts cell identity and deconvolves cell type fractions using a 28 M cell database.
Tomaszowski et al show that co-mutations in Brca2 and Rad51c synergistically drive cancer and developmental disease, which was unexpected given their epistatic DNA repair roles, and expands our understanding of their tumor suppressive functions.
Here, the authors comparatively analyze the impact of three successful clinical preventive interventions against NEC in preterm, VLBW infants and demonstrate a major impact of especially probiotic-based strategies on the development and maturation of the gut microbiome.
Smartphone-based mobile health platforms have drawn increasing attention from researchers developing point-of-care testing devices. Here the authors summarize recent progress and future directions of approaches combining microfluidics and artificial intelligence.
3D printing allows preparation of versatile polymer materials for device applications, but properties are often fixed following printing. Here, the authors report a photo-printable dynamic covalent network that allows modification of properties following printing.