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Crop rotations including legumes have been proposed as a strategy to enhance food production. Here, the authors conduct a global meta-analysis on legume-based crop rotations, showing that legume pre-crops increase 20% of yield in average across various crops and climatic regions.
The wing is a remarkable evolutionary novelty in insects. Here the authors demonstrate that the specification and regenerative capacity of the wing relies on a single wing-specific enhancer of the wingless gene in Drosophila.
Schizophrenia is highly heritable and characterized by widespread brain abnormalities. Here, the authors identify schizophrenia polygenic risk associated multimodal frontotemporal network that can serve as a transdiagnostic brain signature specific to schizophrenia.
In April 2021, Eli Lilly voluntarily asked the FDA to revoke the Emergency Use Authorization for the monoclonal antibody bamlanivimab due to reduced susceptibility in vitro to SARS-CoV-2 variants, not for safety. In this work, authors carry out a placebo-controlled phase 2 evaluation of bamlanivimab in non-hospitalized adults with COVID-19, to determine safety and efficacy.
Genetic mechanisms influencing COVID-19 susceptibility are not well understood. Here, the authors analyzed whole blood RNA-seq data of 465 Japanese individuals with COVID-19, highlighting thousands of fine-mapped variants affecting expression and splicing of genes, as well as the presence of COVID-19 severity-interaction eQTLs.
Edge-to-edge metal-semiconductor junctions have the potential to improve the performance of 2D transistors. Here, the authors report a synthetic strategy to fabricate monolayer MoS2-PtTe2 heterojunction arrays with sub-1-nm transfer length and enhanced carrier injection compared to vertical 3D metallic contacts.
The low-temperature operation of non-aqueous sodium-based batteries is affected by the properties of the electrolyte. Here the authors propose specific electrolyte formulations that are thermally stable down to −150 °C and enable a stable electrode|electrolyte interface at low temperatures.
Release of α-synuclein aggregates by neurons instigates spread of pathology in synucleinopathies, but the mechanism remains unclear. Here the authors show that neuronally generated α-synuclein aggregates accumulate within neuronal lysosomes and are released via SNARE-dependent lysosomal exocytosis.
Studies of twisted bilayer transition metal dichalcogenides have so far focused only on those containing group-VI metals. Here, the authors predict that twisted bilayers of ZrS2, with the group-IV metal Zr, form an emergent moiré Kagome lattice with a uniquely strong spin-orbit coupling, leading to quantum-anomalous-Hall and fractional-Chern-insulating states.
Inflammation is a protective response of the body. Here, authors show that healthy inflammation induces remarkably consistent changes in white cell and platelet populations, regardless of the underlying cause, including heart attack, infection and trauma.
The competition between the polar and nonpolar phase in the prototypical hybrid improper ferroelectric crystal Ca3Mn2O7 leads to exotic properties. Here, the authors directly imaged the crystal at atomic resolution to understand its nanostructure and discovered the double bilayer polar nanoregion.
Celiac disease is linked to responsiveness to dietary gluten, which manifests itself as immune cell activation and the immunopathology including destruction of the epithelium of the small intestine. Here the authors apply single cell transcriptomics to characterise the immune cell compartment of the human small intestine during active Celiac disease.
The ’Roadmap’ for relaxation of COVID-19 restrictions in England in 2021 was informed by mathematical modelling. Here, the authors perform a retrospective assessment of the accuracy of modelling predictions and identify the main sources of uncertainty that led to observed values deviating from projections.
Rod-shaped bacteria typically elongate and divide by transverse fission, but a few species are known to divide longitudinally. Here, the authors use genomic, phylogenetic and microscopy techniques to shed light on the evolution of cell shape, multicellularity and division mode within the family Neisseriaceae.
The brain connectome maps region-to-region connections but often ignores the role of the connecting pathways. Here, the authors mapped the tract-to-region relations to reveal the hierarchical relation of fiber bundles and dorsal, ventral, and limbic networks.
The power of quantum machine learning algorithms based on parametrised quantum circuits are still not fully understood. Here, the authors report rigorous bounds on the generalisation error in variational QML, confirming how known implementable models generalize well from an efficient amount of training data.
Chiral supramolecular assembly is an important strategy for the development of excellent circularly polarized luminescent (CPL)-active materials, but often they suffer from low quantum yield and luminescence dissymmetry factor. Herein, the authors we report a chiral coassembly process of achiral pyrene-based dyes leading to chiral excimers emitting with a high dissymmetry factor.
Strain engineering is effective to improve the carrier mobility of semiconductor materials. Here, the authors demonstrate lattice strain-induced mobility enhancement of an azobenzene compound under photoisomerization and its application in large-scale flexible organic field-effect transistors.
Phonons are thought to transport elastically across most interfaces. Here, the authors show that a substantial portion of phonons transport inelastically, adding another heat conduction channel and enhancing thermal conductance across interfaces.
Point-of-care testing offers rapid and accurate diagnostic potential being quite useful in resource-limited settings. Here, authors demonstrate a film-lever actuated switch technology for microfluidic manipulation enabling multifunctional dispensing, on-demand release, robust operation, and long-term storage.