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The Taklamakan and Gobi Desert region has witnessed a significant rise in summer precipitation in recent decades. This study shows that atmospheric internal variability, rather than external forcings, is the main driver shaping this wetting trend.
Despite effective antiviral drugs, HIV-1 transcripts can be found in extracellular vesicles (EVs) in people living with HIV-1. Comparing EVs from serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), the authors show compartmentalized defective viral transcripts that are enriched in the CSF and corelate with cognitive dysfunction.
Orphan transporters can be found in over 20 families in the SLC superfamily. Here, the authors show that human SLC22A10 is a unitary pseudogene due to a fixed missense mutation, P220; while in great apes, its orthologs transport sex steroid conjugates.
The combination of dynamic, energy driven folding and growth with structural stiffness and length control is difficult to achieve in synthetic polymer self-assembly. Here the authors show that highly charged, monodisperse DNA oligomers assemble via seeded growth into length-controlled supramolecular fibers during heating.
7C-10C and 12C-carbolong complexes with planar ligand skeletons containing 7-10 and 12 carbon atoms have been previously reported but 11C-carbolong complexes with a planar carbon-chain ligand are elusive. Here, the authors prepare metallabenzyne-fused metallapentalenes and metallabenzene-fused metallapentalynes, both representing 11C-carbolong complexes with a planar carbon-chain ligand
Photoexcited MXenes could transfer charge carriers to or heat molecules at their interfaces. Here, the authors show using time-resolved spectroscopy that the non-thermalized carriers can directly transfer to molecules or heat them within 125 fs.
Highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses from H5 clade 2.3.4.4b are circulating widely in birds and have recently caused large outbreaks in mammals. Here, Furey et al. develop a clade 2.3.4.4b HA-expressing mRNA-LNP vaccine and show that it elicits strong protective immune responses in mice and ferrets.
It is essential to manipulate the dynamic behaviour of charge carriers and excitons in organic light-emitting diodes. Here, authors report the trapping of injected electrons by a thermally activated delayed fluorescence assistant molecule in a bipolar host matrix and achieve long device stability.
The authors study the intrinsic superconducting diode effect (SDE) in a single Josephson junction consisting of a InGaAs/InAs/InGaAs quantum well as the weak link, and an Al film as the superconductor. They find a correspondence between SDE and an offset in the relationship between critical current and the difference in phase of the superconducting order parameter across the junction.
Recently, superconductivity near 80 K was observed in La3Ni2O7 under high pressure, but the mechanism is debated. Here the authors report angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy measurements under ambient pressure, revealing flat bands with strong electronic correlations that could be linked to superconductivity.
Wang et al. show that Toxoplasma gondii translation initiation factor eIF1.2 is critical for acute to chronic stage transition during infection, underscoring the importance of protein translation in controlling stage differentiation.
Using intensive eDNA sampling in space and time across five rivers in Europe and North America, this study shows that eDNA gives relevant information on freshwater diversity and ecology across broad taxonomic groups, and with limited downstream transport. The findings demonstrate that eDNA is vital for freshwater biodiversity monitoring in a time of anthropogenic change.
ZO-1, a cell junction protein, is essential for angiogenesis. Here the authors identify in endothelial cells unexpected associations of ZO-1 with stress granule proteins, such as YB-1, that are crucial for cytoprotection, implicating the ZO-1-YB-1 interaction in angiogenesis.
TAD hierarchy demonstrates cell-to-cell variability, leading to the development of numerous callers. Here, authors present a comprehensive benchmark of TAD hierarchy callers and introduce the ‘air conditioner’ model to illustrate TAD hierarchy’s role in transcription.
Natural stilbenes show significant potential in the prevention and treatment of diseases due to their diverse pharmacological activities. Here the authors present a mild and effective Ti-catalyzed intermolecular radical-relay cycloaddition reaction with good regio- and trans-selectivity offering rapid access to structurally diverse stilbene bioisosteres.
Extreme weather and pandemics are classified as two of the most serious risks facing the UK in its National Risk Register. Here, the authors investigate the compound mortality impacts of extreme high and low temperatures and COVID-19 in England and Wales.
The digestive form of Chagas disease (American trypanosomiasis) involves damage to the nervous system of the gastrointestinal tract and problems with peristalsis. Here, Khan et al show that infection causes damage to the colon that can be reversed if it is successfully treated early in the process.
It may be useful to obtain nylon with room temperature phosphorescence, but identifying a suitable luminophore is challenging. Here, the authors report the doping of nylon with cyano-substituted benzimidazole derivatives for room temperature phosphorescent nylons.
The Omp85 superfamily is a widely distributed class of outer membrane proteins found in Gram-negative bacteria, mitochondria and chloroplasts. Here the authors show that PlpD has a different structure and topology than other Omp85 proteins that have been studied.
Soluble methane monooxygenase (sMMO) is a potentially value biocatalyst, but production of active recombinant sMMO is very challenging. Here the authors report the rational design and construction of a catalytically active miniature sMMO which enables high-yield production of methanol in E. coli.