Despite the natural abundance and promising properties of Si, there are few examples of crystalline Si-based catalysts. Here, the authors report an epitaxial growth method to construct Co single atoms on Si for light driven CO2 reduction to syngas.

Probing single rare earth ions is highly desirable for several quantum applications, but it is difficult due to low emission rates. Here, the authors demonstrate the detection and control of single Erbium ions emission using electro-optically active photonic crystal cavities patterned from thin-film lithium niobate.

Manipulation of Janus particles is challenging and has limited precision. Here, the authors propose manipulation of Janus particles by optical forces in the evanescent field of an optical nanofiber, and demonstrate that they exhibit strong transverse localization on the nanofiber and much faster propulsion compared to all-dielectric particles of the same size.

Understanding the active sites is essential for advanced catalyst design. Here, the authors report a bifunctional mechanism for the methanol electrooxidation reaction using NiMn hydroxide with Ni^III and oxygen active sites which work in a cooperative manner to promote either spontaneous or non-spontaneous methanol oxidation.

Electro-optic modulators can be useful for imaging, sensing and information processing applications. Here the authors demonstrate an ultra-low drive voltage visible to near infrared range electro-optic modulator in the form of amplitude and phase modulation using thin-film lithium niobate.

This study uses reverse-time migration full-waveform seismic imaging to reveal a thinned transition zone and a 1000-km mid-mantle discontinuity under the Pacific near Hawaii which they link to the upper boundary of upwelling plume material.

Liu et al. demonstrate that human-driven soil contamination in natural areas mirrors that in nearby urban greenspaces globally, and highlight the potential influence that soil contaminants have on ecosystem functions.

The heat dome explains about 55% of the 2021 Western North American high temperatures. The intensity of heat extremes associated with such circulations are increasing faster than background global warming due to soil moisture feedbacks.

This study identifies the rapidness of marine mineral reactions, directly after an extreme rainfall event. The reactions have the potential to affect marine cation and CO₂ cycling, impacting element turnover on human time scales

A 500 kyr long record of vegetation change from SE Europe demonstrates that forest resilience is lost when precipitation decreases below a threshold limit, and highlights the vulnerability of Mediterranean forests to near-future climate change

Bacterial pathogens have evolved intricate mechanisms to evade the human immune system, including the production of immunomodulatory enzymes. Here, the authors establish the mechanisms of recognition and specific deglycosylation of IgG antibodies by the multi-modular enzymes EndoS and EndoS2

The timing of NAD + supply determines its efficacy to treat metabolic disease. Here, the authors show that increasing NAD + at the early active phase maximizes weight loss and glucose regulation in mice. NAD + can displace the phase of the liver clock which can cause circadian misalignment.

The analysis of longitudinal bulk and single-cell multi-omics data is a highly complex task. Here, the authors introduce PALMO, a software platform with five modules to analyse longitudinal bulk and single-cell multi-omics data, which is extensively tested in external datasets that include multiple omics modalities.

The signal-to-noise ratio in bioimages is often low, which is problematic for segmentation. Here the authors report a deep learning method, deepflash2, to facilitate the segmentation of ambiguous bioimages through multi-expert annotations and integrated quality assurance.

Ambrosia artemisiifolia is an invasive weed and primary cause of pollen-induced hayfever. Here, the authors report its chromosome-level phased genome assembly, examine genome-wide variation among modern and historic accessions, and identify large haploblocks underling rapid adaptation.

Rare but serious cardiac disease side effects have been linked to COVID-19 vaccinations, especially in young people. Here, the authors find very little evidence of an association between vaccination and mortality, except for in females after a non mRNA vaccine, but show an increased risk of death following COVID-19 infection

The influenza virus neuraminidase has been well documented, yet the functions of mammalian neuraminidases remain less explored. Here, the authors show that neuraminidase 1 promotes renal fibrosis development by interacting with ALK5 to activate SMAD2/3.

Escherichia albertii is an emerging gastrointestinal pathogen that causes disease in humans and animals, notably birds. In this genomic epidemiology study, the authors investigate characteristics of isolates sampled from humans and birds in Great Britain and find that they tend to cluster separately.

The timing of NAD + supply determines its efficacy to treat metabolic disease. Here, the authors show that increasing NAD + at the early active phase maximizes weight loss and glucose regulation in mice. NAD + can displace the phase of the liver clock which can cause circadian misalignment.

The authors find that the ciliopathy-associated protein Oral-Facial-Digital syndrome 1 functions as a class II nucleation promoting factor to drive actin filament branching, required for cell cycle progression. Interferring with this function suppresses cancer cell growth.

Here, using hypergraph modeling the authors show that surprising research (in terms of unexpected combinations of research contents and contexts) is associated with impact and arises from scientific outsiders solving problems in distant disciplines.

Availability of modern seed varieties in developing countries has had positive effects on households’ well-being. Here, the authors show that without support to maintain soil fertility, access to modern seed varieties increases primary forest clearance in DR Congo.

A more equitable global distribution of vaccines can benefit the world, while a multilateral benefit-sharing instrument needs to be developed to remove some of the disincentives for early equitable vaccines distribution globally.

Establishing sustainable approaches for human space exploration is key to achieve independency from terrestrial resources, as well as for ethical considerations. Here the authors highlight microbial biotechnologies that will support sustainable processes for space-based in situ resource utilization and loop-closure, and may be translatable to Earth applications.

Who pays for climate change mitigation is an ongoing source of conflict. Here the authors examine how historical carbon emissions influences how much people will pay for climate change mitigation via an economic experiment.