An electrical heat engine has been realized at sub-Kelvin temperatures. It consists of a superconducting spin-selective tunnel junction of EuS/Al/AlOx/Co. The efficiency of the engine is quantified for different magnetic configurations.

Optimizing the synthesis for efficient luminescent materials requires consideration of a large number of parameters. Here, the authors realize high quantum yield full-color carbon quantum dot using an iterative machine-learning experimental strategy.

The authors study the vortex entropy in ultrathin flakes of the underdoped cuprate superconductor Bi₂Sr₂CaCu₂O_8+x by measuring both magneto-resistivity and Nernst effect. They find that, while the superfluid phase stiffness varies linearly with T_c, the vortex entropy decreases exponentially at lower T_c.

In this work, the researchers realize the current-induced motion of Néel type chiral domain walls via spin-transfer-torque in the pristine van der Waals ferromagnet Fe₃GeTe₂ and via spin-orbit-torques in heterostructures with platinum or tungsten.

Using first-principles calculations, the authors highlight h-BN’s role in reshaping transition metal monolayers into kagome lattices—a key structure in 2D physics—and in stabilizing topological solitons vital for advanced data storage solutions.

This study explores alternative stable states in microbial communities. Focusing on a respiratory tract community of 6 species, the authors identified four distinct stable states that are predicted to be driven by cooperative growth. The findings contrast with the common association between competitive interactions and multistability in microbial communities. Using a sample of a thousand eddies across the world’s oceans, this study examines the response of forage fauna detected by shipboard acoustics. The findings show that a minority of eddies exhibit significant effects on forage fauna, but that an oasis effect can sometimes occur. This highlights the need for further research to elucidate how eddies might attract marine predators.

The time-dependent effects of cement production emissions and CO₂ uptake through carbonation of hydrated cement at a global scale were quantified. The results show the climate benefits of the CO₂ uptake by cement are being significantly over-estimated.

Low-density microplastics with a size range of 10−200 µm may gain sufficient ballast via microbially induced calcium carbonate precipitation and sink independently to the ocean floor due to small drag, explaining their enrichment in oceanic sediment.

Direct exsolution of immiscible CO₂ vapour and brine from magma greatly enriches the brine in molybdenum, a likely factor in the genesis of the Dabie-type porphyry deposits that supply much of the World’s molybdenum

Using systematic satellite observations of land surface temperature and soil moisture during soil dry-downs, the spatially-explicit global distribution of the critical soil moisture threshold of plant water stress and its drivers is uncovered.

Techniques to perform long-term recordings of brain activity from different areas are key to investigating many processes. Here, the authors introduce a tentacular implant with many independent fibers to track neuronal ensembles spanning multiple brain areas for months.

The SPARTA defense system, activated by invading DNA for NAD(P)+ hydrolysis, was recently identified in bacteria. Here, authors visualize SPARTA before and after nucleic acid binding and uncover the basis of its active assembly leading to abortive infection.

The Ly49 gene family mainly encodes inhibitory or activating surface receptors on natural killer cells. Here the authors show that in mice, inhibitory and activating Ly49 genes are regulated by two distinct sets of cis-regulatory elements, and that different Ly49 genes can be cross-regulated.

Human multidrug resistance protein 5 (hMRP5) effluxes anticancer and antivirus drugs, driving multidrug resistance. Here, the authors present cryo-EM structures of hMRP5 in different states, showing that hMRP5 can be autoinhibited by a short peptide from its N-terminal tail, which prevents the entry of substrates into hMRP5’s transport pathway.

Kaposi sarcoma associated herpesvirus (KSHV) and Epstein Barr virus often co-infect hosts and some malignancies, such as primary effusion lymphoma, are typically arising from dual-infected cells. Here authors recapitulate dual infection in a humanized mouse model, and find that under these conditions, an efficient and specific CD8⁺ T cell response is mounted against the lytic KSHV antigen K6.

The role of olfactory pathways in the development of neurodegeneration in Alzheimer’s disease is not well understood. Here, the authors show odor identification deficits are predictive of tau accumulation and progression in olfactory pathways, and that tau spreads from medial temporal lobe structures towards the olfactory system.

Adipose tissue harbors functionally distinct progenitor cell subsets. Using scRNAseq and functional assays, we disclose a pathogenic adipose progenitor subset, which impairs glycose homeostasis through the construction of a detrimental niche.

Ultrasound-mediated blood-brain barrier opening has been exploited to improve drug delivery in the brain. Here the authors show that low-intensity pulsed ultrasound in combination with intravenous injection of microbubbles enhances the delivery of doxorubicin and anti-PD1 in gliomas, improving anti-tumor immune responses.

The absence of an objective way of assessing freezing of gait in Parkinson’s Disease hinders research and care. A machine-learning contest using wearable sensor data delivered detection algorithms with high precision and identified time-of-day effects.

Loss of inner ear hair cells leads to permanent hearing loss and balance dysfunction. Whether human utricular cells regenerate is unknown. Here, the authors present a single-cell resource of utricular cells from organ donors and schwannoma patients and describe transcriptional changes during homeostasis and in response to damage.

The absence of an objective way of assessing freezing of gait in Parkinson’s Disease hinders research and care. A machine-learning contest using wearable sensor data delivered detection algorithms with high precision and identified time-of-day effects.

Educational environment is known to influence learning efficiency of students, however qualitative analysis of this effect has open questions. The authors propose a model to quantify roommate peer effects based on student accommodation distribution and their academic performance.

Exposition to insecticides can be dangerous. Here, authors developed an oxime-fabric body suit and facemask that chemically deactivate insecticides and prevent insecticide-induced lethal effects, offering an affordable solution for farmer safety.

Smart grids are characterized by fast-acting, intelligent control while reconfiguration and load shedding are emergency control techniques needed during outages. Here, authors present a graph reinforcement learning approach to manage outage and notably improve resilience in distribution networks.

Gas-fired generators play crucial role in the transition to net-zero energy systems as an alternative to coal-fired. But malfunctions of gas networks can cause large-scale power blackouts. Here, authors apply the early warning concept to the coupled gas-electric system towards enhanced power supply security.