Research articles

Quantum simulation in a 71-site optical lattice certifies gauge invariance, showing how this essential property of lattice gauge theories can be maintained across a quantum phase transition.

Observations and stellar evolution models of a blue ring nebula and its central star (TYC 2597-735-1) suggest that the remnant star merged with a lower-mass companion several thousand years ago.

A model shows that human mobility is organized within hierarchical containers that coincide with familiar scales and that a power-law distribution emerges when movements between different containers are combined.

A theoretical model in the form of a stochastic differential equation is proposed that describes, more accurately than previous models, the population evolution of cities, revealing that rare but very large interurban migration is a dominant factor.

Observations and air-quality modelling reveal that the sources of particulate matter and oxidative potential in Europe are different, implying that reducing mass concentrations of particulate matter alone may not reduce oxidative potential.

Studies of five cryo-electron microscopy structures reveal the composition and conformational progression in the final maturation events of human 40S ribosomal subunit assembly.

Single-cell transcriptomic, morphological and electrophysiological characteristics are combined to classify more than 1,300 neurons from mouse motor cortex.

A range of techniques are used to investigate the molecular landscape of chronic kidney disease, and the results suggest that distinct populations of pericytes and fibroblasts are the main source of myofibroblasts in kidney fibrosis.

North Atlantic landfalling hurricanes are weakening more slowly than in the past because warming oceans are increasing the moisture carried by the storm until it hits land, and this storm moisture acts as an ongoing heat source post-landfall.

The levels of 1,251 metabolites are measured in 475 phenotyped individuals, and machine-learning algorithms reveal that diet and the microbiome are the determinants with the strongest predictive power for the levels of these metabolites.

By collecting nearly 50,000 perceptual estimates of smell, a reliable physicochemical measure that links odorant structure to odorant perception at a resolution that enables the creation of olfactory metamers was derived.

mTORC1 stabilizes HMG-CoA reductase, a rate-limiting enzyme in the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway, via the deubiquitylase USP20 in response to feeding.

Inhibiting the PCSK9 protein, a regulator of cholesterol metabolism, enhances immune checkpoint therapy in mouse models of cancer, in a manner that depends on the regulation of antigen-presenting MHC I molecules.

A cell-surface fragment complementation strategy is used to identify the proteome at the junction of astrocytes and synapses in vivo, and shows that NRCAM expressed in astrocytes has a key role in regulating inhibitory synapse function.

In the mouse visual cortex, the excitatory and inhibitory presynaptic neurons of individual layer 2/3 pyramidal neurons are spatially offset to generate direction-selective responses.

An analysis using ribosome-profiling and matched RNA-sequencing data for three organs across five mammalian species and a bird enables the comparison of translatomes and transcriptomes, revealing patterns of co-evolution of these two expression layers.

A dataset of the genomes of 363 species from the Bird 10,000 Genomes Project shows increased power to detect shared and lineage-specific variation, demonstrating the importance of phylogenetically diverse taxon sampling in whole-genome sequencing.

Human-generated noise and night lighting affect breeding habits and fitness in birds, implying that sensory pollutants must be considered alongside other environmental factors in assessing biodiversity conservation.

The binding and activation of HSP70 by class B J-domain proteins is subject to an autoinhibitory regulatory mechanism that controls substrate targeting to HSP70 and is required for the disaggregation of amyloid fibres.

A yeast clonal descendant of an ancient hybridization event is identified and sheds light on the early evolution of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae Alpechin lineage and its abundant Saccharomyces paradoxus introgressions.