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Rather than turning off the biological response, desensitization of the cysteinyl leukotriene type I receptor sustains long-term signalling in the immune system.
The function of the KCNH family of potassium channels is critical for the repolarization of the cardiac action potential and the regulation of neuronal excitability; here, the X-ray crystal structure of the cyclic-nuclotide-binding homology domain of the zebrafish ELK channel is reported.
The X-ray crystal structure of LeuT, the bacterial homologue of the neurotransmitter sodium symporter family, is reported in the outward-open and inward-open states.
The crystal structure of histone deacetylase HDAC3 bound to the co-repressor SMRT is reported, and suggests that inositol tetraphosphate could act as a regulator of HDAC3; this has therapeutic implications, because HDACs are emerging targets of anti-cancer drugs.
Molecular machines containing related protein subunits are common in cells. Reconstruction of ancient proteins suggests that this type of complexity can evolve in the absence of any initial selective advantage. See Letter p.360