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China has implemented various mitigation strategies to lower their CO2 emissions. This Perspective outlines the progress in reaching these CO2 reduction targets, and the pending challenges the nation faces to achieve carbon neutrality.
China’s national Sponge City Program promotes the integration of green–grey–blue infrastructure for sustainable urban-water governance. However, recent record-breaking flood events have called the efficacy of the programme into question, illustrating the need for a holistic social–natural–engineering strategy to manage future climate uncertainties.
Major environmental disruptions throughout Earth’s history are often linked to extensive magmatic events, termed large igneous provinces. This Review explores the coupled evolution of mantle melting, magmatism and volatile release over the life cycle of large igneous provinces.
Since 2000, oceanographic conditions in the Barents Sea and the Eurasian Basin have transitioned from those reflecting the Arctic to a state more closely resembling that of the Atlantic. This Review examines the physical and ecological manifestations, drivers and implications of this so-called Atlantification.
An article in Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology found that modern corals could be losing resilience to ocean acidification compared to fossil corals.
Global drylands are threatened by a combination of anthropogenic climate change and human activities, putting some locations at high risk of desertification. This Review details changes observed in the drylands of China, and the mitigating impact of large-scale restoration and conservation programmes designed to reverse them.
Marcus Buechel discusses how the Joint UK Land Environment Simulator (JULES) can be used to investigate the impact of climate change on land–surface hydrological cycles.
An article in Communications Earth & Environment finds that reduced fuel availability will only moderately dampen projected increases in forest fire area in western USA.
Mangroves, tidal marshes and seagrass meadows have historically been lost or degraded, threatening their ability to store carbon and provide ecosystem services. This Review details the global potential of blue carbon ecosystem protection and restoration in climate change mitigation, through carbon sequestration and co-benefit production.
Geochemical data are vital for understanding Earth’s past, present and future. However, currently only a fraction of geochemical data are findable, accessible, interoperable and reusable, limiting their use in the broadest range of scientific studies. There is an urgent need for international coordination of geochemical data and methods to unlock their full research potential.
Unconscious coloniality reinforces inequity and exclusion of Indigenous peoples in STEM. Métis paleobiologist Az Klymiuk outlines ways individuals can become agents for cultural change by implementing decolonizing actions.
Much of the western United States relies on seasonal snowpacks for water supply. This Review examines the projected changes and impacts of a declining western United States snowpack, and discusses the adaptation opportunities available to mitigate against such snow losses.
An article in Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology describes how high-productivity intervals during Oceanic Anoxic Event 2 were related to the influence of freshwater runoff.
The links between modern collisional mountain belts and those preserved in the geological record are debated. This Review compares the Himalayan-Tibetan orogen with four ancient mountain belts and uses their similarities and differences to investigate the factors that control mountain building.
Anthropogenic climate change and environmental deterioration are driving global degradation of coral reefs. This Review examines how the natural adaptive capacity of coral holobionts can be harnessed and expanded to counter the ongoing loss of coral reefs.
