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The spatial patterns of global soil potential nitrogen cycling were characterized using 4,032 observations from 398 published studies. The global soil nitrogen cycle shifts from conservative in forests to leaky in croplands, highlighting the importance of forests in the global nitrogen cycle and the need for further insights on nitrate retention in croplands.
The demand for dairy produce is growing alongside concerns about the impact of intensive dairying on water quality due to nutrient loss. Using observational and modelled data, this study compares systems with different outdoor livestock grazing times, flagging combinations that could minimize phosphorus and nitrogen losses.
Herring, sardine and anchovy are the cheapest fish species in many low- and middle-income countries, with <20% of small pelagic catch sufficient to meet the recommended fish intakes for young children living near water in sub-Saharan Africa.
Promoting higher-than-historical adoption rates of improved Bos taurus × Bos indicus crosses is essential to meet Tanzania’s Dairy Development Roadmap targets and achieve dairy self-sufficiency by 2030.
Food system typologies enable the comparison of food systems transitions in terms of structural drivers of change and outcomes in sustainable development.
Finite marine resources have the potential to limit the growth of salmon aquaculture. A more judicious use of fish oil and fish meal in aquafeeds could sustain sector growth until 2100 and beyond.
Voluntary actions by the food and beverage industry are often adopted in lieu of public health policies. The realist review methodology here evaluates the context, mechanisms and outcomes of voluntary actions against unhealthy diets in low- and middle-income settings.
Using soil redistribution and crop growth models, this study shows that as the duration and intensity of tillage increases, wheat and maize yields decrease. Under projected future climate conditions, the impact of crop yields from tillage erosion will be amplified due to reduced water availability.
Aquaculture sector expansion requires limiting the chemical and pathogen hazards that can disrupt seafood supply. A schema is presented here for mitigating these risks and informing policy.