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The authors conduct competition experiments with multiple strains of Pseudomonas (some pathogenic and some commensal) in the phylosphere microbiome of Arabidopsis plants, showing that both the host and the commensal strains interact to inhibit the pathogenic strains.
This study assesses the capacity for sexual and asexual reproduction and the chronological life span across 1,011 genome-sequenced budding yeast isolates and shows the remarkable impact of domestication on budding yeast evolution.
Atlantic cod carries four supergenes linked to migratory lifestyle and environmental adaptations. Using whole-genome sequencing, the authors show that the genome inversions that underlie the supergenes originated at different times and show gene flux between supergene haplotypes.
The authors use US Breeding Bird Survey data to quantify the losses and gains in bird species richness that have not yet been realized owing to ecological time lags following past land use changes.
Comparing anatomy and life habits for fossil echinoderms spanning the Cambrian to Ordovician periods, the authors show that anatomical form and functional diversity are decoupled, and ecological innovation is constrained.
Historical accounts of the mortality outcomes of the Black Death plague pandemic are variable across Europe, with much higher death tolls suggested in some areas than others. Here the authors use a ‘big data palaeoecology’ approach to show that land use change following the pandemic was spatially variable across Europe, confirming heterogeneous responses with empirical data.
The authors report a new genus and species of titanosaurian sauropod, Abditosaurus kuehnei, from the Late Cretaceous (ca. 70.5 Ma) of Spain. A. kuehnei groups phylogenetically with South American and African taxa, suggesting geographical connectivity between Africa and Europe at this time.
The authors show that an ecosystem’s sensitivity to drought, measured as the amount of change in vegetation moisture content for a given change in background moisture, predicts the fire hazard in that location.
New radiocarbon dates for the Mesolithic cemetery of Yuzhniy Oleniy Ostrov suggest that the main use of the site spanned only a few centuries, centring on a northern hemisphere climatic downturn event.
By conducting viral phylodynamic analysis on samples of puma feline immunodeficiency virus from regions with and without puma hunting, the authors show that stopping hunting disrupts male social structure and in turn influences viral dynamics.
By integrating time series analyses of transcripts, lipids and metabolites, the authors show that microorganisms in the open ocean partition scarce resources temporally, with different microbial groups expressing nitrogen uptake and assimilation processes at different points throughout the diel cycle.
Using 32 ecological networks (host–parasite, plant–pollinator, plant–herbivore and other food webs), the authors show that several network properties scale with the size of the sampling area, suggesting a new type of biodiversity–area relationship.
The extent to which excess carbon dioxide causes a ‘fertilization effect’ varies across biomes and as a function of water supply, finds a study examining data from 14 CO2 experimental sites.
The evolutionary relationship between mitochondria and their closest bacterial relatives remains uncertain. Applying a new model of protein evolution to an extended dataset, the authors reconstruct the phylogenetic position of the mitochondria as sister to the Alphaproteobacteria.