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Early type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk assessment could help slow or prevent disease onset. Here the authors used blood-based DNA methylation data to develop 10-year risk prediction models for incident T2D. The results show an improvement in performance beyond standard risk factors typically used to predict the risk of T2D onset.
Technologies could aid active and healthy aging but their development and implementation requires knowledge of user preferences. In this study, the authors conducted a Swedish national survey across three generations to understand attitudes toward technologies.
Moderate cold temperature extends lifespan, but the mechanisms involved are not fully understood. Here, the authors show that moderate cold temperature eliminates aggregation-prone proteins through PSME3-activated proteasomes in both C. elegans and human cells.
Sen et al. show that, during human cellular senescence and mouse tissue aging, chromatin alterations promote the initiation of transcription from non-canonical sites and lead to deterioration of cellular health.
By showing that the immune modulator MANF is induced after muscle injury in young but not aged mice and is essential for regenerative success, this study reveals a new link between immune dysfunction and regenerative decline in muscle aging.
Xiao et al. report a weaker adaptive immune response in older adults after inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccination compared to young adult controls, identifying altered immune cell function and decreased antigen-specific receptor repertoire diversity as potential underlying mechanisms.
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) tests are used in the clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease. This study found that CSF tau phosphorylation at two sites (T217 and T205) is a better test for Alzheimer’s disease pathology than currently available tests.
Single-cell transcriptomic profiling of young and old mouse brains following heterochronic parabiosis shows regulation of several canonical hallmarks of aging by a shift in age-induced changes of the transcriptome in a cell-type-specific manner.
By applying quantitative chemical cross-linking technologies, the authors show that changes in the mitochondrial interactome of the skeletal muscle contribute to mitochondrial functional decline in female mice.
APOE4 is produced by neurons under stress, but the role of neuronal APOE4 in Alzheimer’s disease pathogenesis is still unclear. Here the authors report that selective removal of neuronal APOE4 in tauopathy mice mitigates many prominent Alzheimer’s disease-related pathologies.
Using chronic in vivo imaging of the mouse hippocampus over months, this study reveals aging-associated alterations of neural stem cells and their neuronal progeny that lead to reduced clonal output of individual neural stem cells with advancing age.
Using samples and data from the CALERIE study, a human randomized controlled trial of long-term caloric restriction, the authors find that the intervention slows DunedinPACE, a DNA methylation measure of the pace of aging.
Zhao et al. find evolutionarily conserved astrocyte and microglia subpopulations shared across multiple brain regions and reveal similarities and differences between AD and PD glia and regional variance linked to AD pathology and neurodegeneration.
Dobyns et al. use latent variable modeling to derive a single, putative measure of resilience that buffered the effects of the hallmark Alzheimer’s disease pathologies, tau and amyloid, on episodic memory and non-memory decline, respectively.
Moigneu, Abdellaoui and colleagues show that GDF11 attenuates depression-like behavior and improves memory in aged mice through neuronal autophagy and mTOR. Serum levels of GDF11 are inversely associated with depression in patients.
Shi, Liu, Gao et al. present a strategy to monitor and selectively eliminate senescent cells in mice during aging through controllable photodynamic therapy, which inhibited the age-related functional decline.
Zhang et al. demonstrate that targeting BUBR1, a nuclear mitotic spindle assembly checkpoint protein, alleviates premature aging phenotypes of progeria in mice via disrupting its nuclear mislocalization induced by progerin interaction.
Frailty of the aged brain may relate to impaired vascular control and limitations in energy supply. The authors report an age-related decrease in responsivity of brain microvessels, accompanied by a decrease in vessel density and loss of vascular mural cell processes.
Dietary supplementation of the clinical PI3K inhibitor alpelisib (Piqray) extends the lifespan of male and female mice and is associated with greater strength and balance but reduced bone mass and mild hyperglycaemia.
Older people have suboptimal responses to primary series vaccines, which can place them at risk for adverse coronavirus disease 2019 outcomes. Here the authors show that booster vaccines provide a substantial increase in antibody levels in the short term but that there is significant waning 100 d after booster shots.