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Miccio et al. utilize the US National Cancer Database (NCDB) to develop models to estimate the risk of brain metastasis for newly-diagnosed cancers. They provide nomograms and a web tool for risk estimation across multiple cancer types.
Liu et al. analyze phenotypic and genomic characteristics of clinical IMP-producing Klebsiella spp. Isolates in China. Multi-clonal transmission, multiple genetic environments and differing plasmid types all play a role in disseminating blaIMP genes among Klebsiella spp.
Song et al. conduct a geospatial analysis of variations in incidence of mood and psychotic disorders and access to care in Caldas, Colombia. They show that many patients requiring only outpatient care live too far away to access it and identify hotspots of more severely ill patients, highlighting the need for targeted interventions.
Ose et al. conduct a questionnaire-based survey of post COVID-19 condition (PCC) symptoms among primary care patients with and without a diagnosis of COVID-19. They find reporting of PCC symptoms highly prevalent in all patients and highlight the challenges of accurate diagnosis of PCC due to the overlap with non-COVID-related symptoms.
Begg et al. show that S100A8/9 expression is associated with risk of progression in early-stage triple-negative breast cancer cohorts. Using a small inhibitor screen, the authors identify PIM kinase inhibitors to target S100A8/A9 expression, improving antitumor response when combined with immune checkpoint blockade in mice.
Khara et al perform a comprehensive performance analysis for a deep learning breast density prediction model using a large scale, racially diverse dataset. They find that the model generalises across imaging techniques and self-reported race, providing assurances for the safe and ethical use of automated breast density prediction.
El-Medany, Adams, Blythe et al. Investigate whether the carotid chemoreflex could be a mechanism underlying unexplained breathlessness in non-hospitalised patients with long COVID. Results show that carotid chemoreflex is sensitised in patients with long COVID and may explain dysregulated breathing and exercise intolerance in these participants.
Chiuppesi et al. demonstrate that COVID-19 vaccine COH04S1, harboring a synthetic modified vaccinia Ankara-vector, elicits cross-reactive responses against mpox virus (MPXV) similar to those induced by FDA-approved mpox vaccine JYNNEOS in healthy adults and non-human primates. COH04S1 also confers protective immunity against MPXV in a mouse model of mpox.
Spinelli et al. show that non-ventilated lung injury develops within 24 h of unilateral mechanical ventilation in healthy pigs. Pathophysiological alterations included collapse, hypoperfusion, high inspiratory pressure and inflammation and were only partially mitigated by low tidal volume.
Cogno et al. develop and characterize a hybrid agent-based – Monte Carlo model of radiation-induced lung fibrosis in an alveolar segment. The model takes into account spatial data of the dose distribution and replicates in vivo findings for different fractionation schemes and radiation types.
Hoare et al. evaluate whether a self-reporting arteriovenous graft can be used to detect venous stenosis and thrombus formation using in silico, cell culture and pre-clinical swine models. The graft detects differences in blood flow in a swine model following heparin administration.
Leong et al. develop a generative deep learning model that produces analyzable dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans from 3D body surface scans. Model-generated DXA scans are analyzed using clinical commercial software and yield accurate quantities of fat, lean, and bone mass for total body and body subregions.
Ikeguchi et al. established nerve conduits from three patients’ dermal fibroblasts using a bioprinter and transplanted them back into the patients’ nerve defects. No adverse events occurred, and the nerves recovered following the transplant.
Ahmad, Lim, Morieri, Tam et al perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of biomarkers, genetic markers, and risk scores for prediction of cardiovascular outcomes in Type 2 diabetes. A few prognostic markers are identified that provide incremental predictive utility beyond established cardiovascular risk factors.
Mahalingam et al. report findings from a first-in-human dose escalation study of the tumor microenvironment modulator VT1021 in patients with advanced solid tumors. VT1021 is found to be safe and well tolerated and the recommended phase II dose is established based on pharmacokinetic/dynamic properties and preliminary clinical activities.
Semnani-Azad et al. review the evidence on prognostic factors that predict cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes for women, and cardiometabolic profile in offspring subsequent to gestational diabetes. The evidence was of low quality, but some maternal characteristics were predictive of unfavourable outcomes in women and their offspring.
Nittas et al. discuss the importance of cultural adaptations in eliminating systemic exclusion of traditionally underserved cultural groups to minimize barriers to accessing digital healthcare interventions. They outline the existing challenges of the digital divide and provide recommendations to overcome them.
Van Rijthoven et al. develop a deep learning algorithm to quantify tertiary lymphoid structures in cancer histopathology images. Their open access algorithm can facilitate objective, reproducible and automated detection of organized tumor immune infiltrates for the development of prognostic and predictive biomarkers and for basic research.