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The two major forces of rapid population growth and urbanization are colliding to create both one of the greatest public health challenges and opportunities for sustainable development, ever - our buildings. The merging of building science and health science, along with recent advances in new building control and sensor technologies, as well as IoT and exposure assessment techniques, have now made a new multidisciplinary approach to building research possible. In this collection, we examine the relationship between buildings and human health. Advances in measuring and assessing impacts of buildings on population health are also explored.