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Long-term operating stability in perovskite photovoltaics

Nature Reviews Materials volume 8, pages 569–586 (2023)Cite this article

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Abstract

Perovskite solar cells have demonstrated the efficiencies needed for technoeconomic competitiveness. With respect to the demanding stability requirements of photovoltaics, many techniques have been used to increase the stability of perovskite solar cells, and tremendous improvements have been made over the course of a decade of research. Nevertheless, the still-limited stability of perovskite solar cells remains to be fully understood and addressed. In this Review, we summarize progress in single-junction, lead-based perovskite photovoltaic stability and discuss the origins of chemical lability and how this affects stability under a range of relevant stressors. We highlight categories of prominent stability-enhancing strategies, including compositional tuning, barrier layers and the fabrication of stable transport layers. In the conclusion of this Review, we discuss the challenges that remain, and we offer a perspective on how the field can continue to advance to 25-year and 30-year stable perovskite solar modules.

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Fig. 1: The unusual properties of perovskite semiconductors.
Fig. 2: Timeline for stability in perovskite solar cells.
Fig. 3: Factors affecting perovskite solar cell stability.
Fig. 4: Strategies for stable perovskite solar cells.
Fig. 5: Overview of perovskite solar cell stability.
Fig. 6: Accelerated ageing.

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Acknowledgements

H.Z., S.T., M.N.L., S.M., B.C., E.H.S. and O.M.B. acknowledge funding support from Saudi Aramco. S.T. was supported by the Hatch Graduate scholarship.

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Author notes

  1. These authors contributed equally: Hongwei Zhu, Sam Teale.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. KAUST Catalysis Center, Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

    Hongwei Zhu, Muhammad Naufal Lintangpradipto & Osman M. Bakr

  2. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

    Sam Teale, Suhas Mahesh, Bin Chen & Edward H. Sargent

  3. Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA

    Michael D. McGehee

  4. Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA

    Edward H. Sargent

  5. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA

    Edward H. Sargent

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Contributions

H.Z. and S.T. contributed equally to the article. H.Z., S.T., M.N.L., S.M. and B.C. researched data for the article. All authors contributed substantially to discussion of the content. All authors wrote the article. O.M.B., H.Z., S.T., M.D.M. and E.H.S. reviewed and/or edited the manuscript before submission.

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M.D.M. is an adviser to Swift Solar. The other authors declare no competing interests.

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Zhu, H., Teale, S., Lintangpradipto, M.N. et al. Long-term operating stability in perovskite photovoltaics. Nat Rev Mater 8, 569–586 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41578-023-00582-w

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