Correction to: Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology https://doi.org/10.1038/s41575-023-00890-0, published online 14 February 2024.

In the version of the article initially published, in Fig. 1c, the “Gut epithelial barrier” was mislabelled as the “Blood–CSF barrier”. This has now been amended in the HTML and PDF versions of the article.