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A new steroid with potent antimicrobial activities and two new polyketides from Penicillium variabile EN-394, a fungus obtained from the marine red alga Rhodomela confervoides

The Journal of Antibiotics volume 77, pages 13–20 (2024)Cite this article

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Abstract

Three new compounds, including one steroid named penivariod A (1) and two polyketides penivarides A and B (2 and 3), as well as six known derivatives (4–9) were isolated from Penicillium variabile EN-394, a fungus afforded from the marine red alga Rhodomela confervoides. Their structures were elucidated by analysis of the HRESIMS, 1D and 2D NMR. The absolute stereochemistry was determined by X-ray crystallographic data, gauge-independent atomic orbital (GIAO) NMR shift calculation followed by DP4+ analysis combined with calculated electronic circular dichroism (ECD). Antimicrobial activities for the new compounds (1–3) were evaluated against human- and aquatic-pathogenic bacteria as well as plant pathogenic fungi. Compound 1 exhibited potent antimicrobial activity against most of the pathogenic strains, especially for Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, with MIC values of 1.0 and 2.0 μg ml−1, respectively.

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Acknowledgements

Financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31600267 and 42176115) and from the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (No. BK20201211) is gratefully acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanhai Road 7, 266071, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China

    Fan-Zhong Zhang, Xiao-Ming Li, Ling-Hong Meng & Bin-Gui Wang

  2. Laboratory of Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Wenhai Road 1, 266237, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China

    Fan-Zhong Zhang, Xiao-Ming Li, Ling-Hong Meng & Bin-Gui Wang

  3. Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanhai Road 7, 266071, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China

    Ling-Hong Meng & Bin-Gui Wang

  4. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquan Road 19A, 100049, Beijing, People’s Republic of China

    Ling-Hong Meng & Bin-Gui Wang

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  1. Fan-Zhong Zhang
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  2. Xiao-Ming Li
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Correspondence to Ling-Hong Meng or Bin-Gui Wang.

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Zhang, FZ., Li, XM., Meng, LH. et al. A new steroid with potent antimicrobial activities and two new polyketides from Penicillium variabile EN-394, a fungus obtained from the marine red alga Rhodomela confervoides. J Antibiot 77, 13–20 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41429-023-00666-3

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