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Acute myeloid leukemia

Prognostic significance of recurring chromosomal abnormalities in transplanted patients with acute myeloid leukemia

Leukemia volume 33, pages 1944–1952 (2019)Cite this article

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Abstract

Baseline cytogenetic studies at diagnosis remain the single most important determinant of outcome in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, the prognostic role of the complete gamut of cytogenetic aberrations in AML patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is currently undefined. In addition, their significance in conjunction with FLT3-ITD status has not been addressed thus far. Using the ALWP/EBMT registry we conducted a retrospective analysis to determine the clinical outcomes of AML patients undergoing allo-HSCT with respect to specific recurring cytogenetic abnormalities complemented with FLT3-ITD status. We analyzed a cohort consisting of 8558 adult AML patients who underwent allo-HSCT from either a matched sibling or a matched unrelated donor. Patients with inv(3)(q21q26)/t(3;3)(q21;q26), del(5q), monosomy 7, chromosome 17p abnormalities, t(10;11)(p11-14;q13-23), t(6;11)(q27;q23), as well as those patients with a monosomal or complex karyotype experienced significantly inferior leukemia-free survival (LFS) compared to patients with a normal karyotype. Trisomy 14, del(9q), and loss of chromosome X were associated with improved LFS rates. A novel prognostic model delineating 5 distinct groups incorporating cytogenetic complexity and FLT3-ITD status was constructed with significant prognostic implications. Our analysis supports the added prognostic significance of FLT3-ITD to baseline cytogenetics in patients undergoing allo-HSCT.

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Acknowledgements

We thank all the European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT) centers and national registries for contributing patients to the study and data managers for their excellent work.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Hematology Division, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Hashomer, Israel

    Jonathan Canaani & Arnon Nagler

  2. EBMT Paris study office / CEREST-TC, Saint Antoine Hospital, Paris, France

    Myriam Labopin, Mohamad Mohty & Arnon Nagler

  3. Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, HUCH Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki, Finland

    Maija Itälä-Remes

  4. Programme de Transplantation & Thérapie Cellulaire, Institut Paoli Calmettes, Marseille, France

    Didier Blaise

  5. Hematology Department, Hopital St. Louis, Paris, France

    Gerard Socié

  6. CHU Bordeaux Hôpital Haut-Leveque, Pessac, France

    Edouard Forcade

  7. Hematology Department, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium

    Johan Maertens

  8. Hematology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China

    Depei Wu

  9. Hematology Department, Queen Elizabeth Medical Centre, Birmingham, UK

    Ram Malladi

  10. Hematology Department, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands

    Jan J. Cornelissen

  11. Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse, Toulouse, France

    Anne Huynh

  12. Hematology Division, Gustave Roussy institut de cancérologie, Villejuif, France

    Jean Henri Bourhis

  13. Hematology Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain

    Jordi Esteve

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  1. Jonathan Canaani
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Canaani, J., Labopin, M., Itälä-Remes, M. et al. Prognostic significance of recurring chromosomal abnormalities in transplanted patients with acute myeloid leukemia. Leukemia 33, 1944–1952 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41375-019-0439-3

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