Relative to osteoarthritis (OA), patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are more at risk of developing complications, including dislocation and infection, following total hip and knee arthroplasty, respectively. Patients with RA were identified from eligible hip arthroplasty recipients (n = 43,997; 3%) and knee arthroplasty recipients (n = 71,793; 4%). Dislocations were reported in 2.45% of patients with RA and only 1.21% with OA; infections occurred in 1.26% of patients with RA and only in 0.84% with OA.