Several novel antiviral treatments for HCV are in preclinical or clinical development, and most target viral enzymes and their functions. These new drugs all potentially select for resistant viral variants, both in vitro and in vivo; viral resistance is, therefore, likely to become an important issue in clinical practice.
This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution
Access options
Subscribe to this journal
Receive 12 print issues and online access
$209.00 per year
only $17.42 per issue
Buy this article
- Purchase on Springer Link
- Instant access to full article PDF
Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout
References
Pawlotsky, J. M. Hepatitis C virus population dynamics during infection. Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol. 299, 261–284 (2006).
Clavel, F. & Hance, A. J. HIV drug resistance. N. Engl. J. Med. 350, 1023–1035 (2004).
Pawlotsky, J. M., Chevaliez, S. & McHutchison, J. G. The hepatitis C virus life cycle as a target for new antiviral therapies. Gastroenterology 132, 1979–1998 (2007).
Sarrazin, C. et al. Dynamic hepatitis C virus genotypic and phenotypic changes in patients treated with the protease inhibitor telaprevir. Gastroenterology 132, 1767–1777 (2007).
Migliaccio, G. et al. Characterization of resistance to non-obligate chain-terminating ribonucleoside analogs that inhibit hepatitis C virus replication in vitro. J. Biol. Chem. 278, 49164–49170 (2003).
Dutartre, H., Bussetta, C., Boretto, J. & Canard, B. General catalytic deficiency of hepatitis C virus RNA polymerase with an S282T mutation and mutually exclusive resistance towards 2′-modified nucleotide analogues. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 50, 4161–4169 (2006).
Coelmont, L. et al. Particular in vitro anti-HCV activities and resistance profile of the cyclophilin inhibitor DEBIO-025. J. Hepatol. 50 (Suppl. 1), S36 (2009).
Gaudieri, S. et al. Hepatitis C virus drug resistance and immune-driven adaptations: relevance to new antiviral therapy. Hepatology 49, 1069–1082 (2009).
Foster, G. R. et al. Activity of telaprevir alone or in combination with peginterferon alfa-2a and ribavirin in treatment-naive genotype 2 and 3 hepatitis C patients: interim results of study C209. J. Hepatol. 50 (Suppl. 1), S22 (2009).
Lawitz, E. et al. Antiviral activity of ANA598, a potent non-nucleoside polymerase inhibitor, in chronic hepatitis C patients. J. Hepatol. 50 (Suppl. 1), S384 (2009).
McCown, M. F., Rajyaguru, S., Kular, S., Cammack, N. & Najera, I. GT-1a or GT-1b subtype-specific resistance profiles for hepatitis C virus inhibitors telaprevir and HCV-796. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 53, 2129–2132 (2009).
Kuntzen, T. et al. Naturally occurring dominant resistance mutations to hepatitis C virus protease and polymerase inhibitors in treatment-naive patients. Hepatology 48, 1769–1778 (2008).
Bartels, D. J. et al. Natural prevalence of hepatitis C virus variants with decreased sensitivity to NS3/4A protease inhibitors in treatment-naive subjects. J. Infect. Dis. 198, 800–807 (2008).
Hezode, C. et al. Telaprevir and peginterferon with or without ribavirin for chronic HCV infection. N. Engl. J. Med. 360, 1839–1850 (2009).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Ethics declarations
Competing interests
The author has received research grants from Gilead Sciences, Roche, Schering-Plough and Vertex Pharmaceuticals. He has served as a Consultant for Abbott, AstraZeneca, Biotica, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers Squibb, DebioPharm, Gilead Sciences, Glaxo-SmithKline, Jansen-Cilag, Madaus-Rottapharm, Merck, Novartis, Ono Pharma, Roche, Schering-Plough, Tibotec, Valeant and Vertex Pharmaceuticals.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Pawlotsky, JM. HCV variability, the immune system and resistance to antiviral drugs. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 6, 383–385 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1038/nrgastro.2009.102
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nrgastro.2009.102
This article is cited by
-
Enhanced cell immune responses to hepatitis c virus core by novel heterologous DNA prime/lambda nanoparticles boost in mice
Virus Genes (2014)
-
Interleukin-12 as a genetic adjuvant enhances hepatitis C virus NS3 DNA vaccine immunogenicity
Virologica Sinica (2013)
-
Construction of HCV-polytope vaccine candidates harbouring immune-enhancer sequences and primary evaluation of their immunogenicity in BALB/c mice
Virus Genes (2010)