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Chiral selection on inorganic crystalline surfaces

Nature Materials volume 2, pages 367–374 (2003)Cite this article

Abstract

From synthetic drugs to biodegradable plastics to the origin of life, the chiral selection of molecules presents both daunting challenges and significant opportunities in materials science. Among the most promising, yet little explored, avenues for chiral molecular discrimination is adsorption on chiral crystalline surfaces — periodic environments that can select, concentrate and possibly even organize molecules into polymers and other macromolecular structures. Here we review experimental and theoretical approaches to chiral selection on inorganic crystalline surfaces — research that is poised to open this new frontier in understanding and exploiting surface-molecule interactions.

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Figure 1: Quartz crystal (∼1mm diameter) displaying selective deposition of iron oxide coatings on {101̄1} rhombohedral faces, compared with adjacent {011̄1} rhombohedral faces.
Figure 2: The mineral quartz, SiO2, occurs in both left- and right-handed variants, depending on the orientation of structural helices.
Figure 3: Calcite, CaCO3, displays stepped-growth features on (101̄4) cleavage surfaces when placed in a supersaturated aqueous calcium carbonate solution.
Figure 4: The common {213̄1} trigonal scalenohedral ('dogtooth') form of calcite features adjacent crystal faces with enantiomorphic surface structures (after Dana28).
Figure 5: A top view of an ideal face-centred-cubic (f.c.c.) (643) surface, with step-edges highlighted with solid lines (after Sholl et al.32).
Figure 6: Scanning tunnelling microscope (STM) image of a 24.3 × 24.3 nm region of a Cu(5,8,90) surface reproduced from Dieluweit et al.101.
Figure 7: The structure of a chiral Pt surface after annealing an initially ideal surface at 500 K for 1 hour using the DFT/lattice model described in the text (after Sholl et al.32).

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Acknowledgements

R.M.H. has been supported by the NASA Astrobiology Institute and the Carnegie Institution of Washington. D.S.S. has been supported by the National Science Foundation.

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  1. Carnegie Institution of Washington and NASA Astrobiology Institute, 5251 Broad Branch Road NW, Washington, 20015, DC, USA

    Robert M. Hazen

  2. Department of Chemical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, 15213, Pennsylvania, USA

    David S. Sholl

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Hazen, R., Sholl, D. Chiral selection on inorganic crystalline surfaces. Nature Mater 2, 367–374 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat879

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