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| Open AccessH3.1K27me1 loss confers Arabidopsis resistance to Geminivirus by sequestering DNA repair proteins onto host genome
Geminiviruses hijack the host DNA repairing proteins for their amplification. The authors report that Arabidopsis loses H3.1K27me1, a protector of genome stability, but gains resistance to geminivirus infection via retaining key factors like RAD51.
- Zhen Wang
- , Claudia M. Castillo-González
- & Xiuren Zhang
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Article
| Open AccessDefense against phytopathogens relies on efficient antimicrobial protein secretion mediated by the microtubule-binding protein TGNap1
Defining plant defense machinery against pathogens is significant in cell biology and crop yield. TGNap1, a TGN and microtubule-binding protein, is required for defense and efficient anti-microbial protein secretion, linking secretion and cytoskeleton.
- Deepak D. Bhandari
- , Dae Kwan Ko
- & Federica Brandizzi
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Article
| Open AccessA fungal sesquiterpene biosynthesis gene cluster critical for mutualist-pathogen transition in Colletotrichum tofieldiae
Plant-associated fungi range from pathogens to mutualists. Here the authors identify a gene cluster in a Colletotrichum tofieldiae strain that is required to allow the fungus to transition from a mutualist to a pathogen depending on the nutritional status of the host.
- Kei Hiruma
- , Seishiro Aoki
- & Yusuke Saijo
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Article
| Open AccessFungal small RNAs ride in extracellular vesicles to enter plant cells through clathrin-mediated endocytosis
Fungal pathogen Botrytis cinerea can send sRNAs to plant cells to suppress plant immunity. Here the authors demonstrate that B. cinerea utilizes extracellular vesicles (EVs) to secrete Bc-sRNAs, which are then internalized by plant cells through clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME).
- Baoye He
- , Huan Wang
- & Hailing Jin
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Article
| Open AccessInhibition of chitin deacetylases to attenuate plant fungal diseases
Phytopathogenic fungi secrete chitin deacetylase (CDA) to escape the host’s immunological defense during infection. Here, the authors reveal the common structural features of phytopathogenic fungal CDAs, and identify CDA inhibitors that are promising to control plant diseases.
- Lin Liu
- , Yeqiang Xia
- & Qing Yang
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Article
| Open AccessDifferent viral effectors suppress hormone-mediated antiviral immunity of rice coordinated by OsNPR1
Plant viruses have evolved various virulence strategies to overcome plant immunity. Here the authors show that distinct viral proteins repress JA-SA crosstalk by targeting rice NPR1 protein to facilitate viral infection
- Hehong Zhang
- , Fengmin Wang
- & Zongtao Sun
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Article
| Open AccessIndependently evolved viral effectors convergently suppress DELLA protein SLR1-mediated broad-spectrum antiviral immunity in rice
Plant viruses adopt diverse strategies to inhibit host antiviral defense. Here the authors show that multiple different effectors from various rice viruses interfere with host gibberellin signaling by targeting the DELLA protein SLR1.
- Lulu Li
- , Hehong Zhang
- & Zongtao Sun
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Article
| Open AccessCoat proteins of necroviruses target 14-3-3a to subvert MAPKKKα-mediated antiviral immunity in plants
MAPK cascades play an important role in innate immunity. Here, the authors show that that beet black scorch virus activates MAPK signaling in Nicotiana benthamiana and the viral coat protein counteracts MAPK-mediated defence by competitively binding to a MAPKKKα interactor.
- Zongyu Gao
- , Dingliang Zhang
- & Yongliang Zhang
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Article
| Open AccessCitrus Huanglongbing is a pathogen-triggered immune disease that can be mitigated with antioxidants and gibberellin
Huanglongbing is a devastating disease of citrus, caused by phloem-colonizing bacteria. Here, the authors present evidence that the disease is the result of an exacerbated immune response to the infection, including production of reactive oxygen species, and that antioxidants and a growth-promoting hormone can mitigate disease symptoms.
- Wenxiu Ma
- , Zhiqian Pang
- & Nian Wang
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Article
| Open AccessGeminiviruses encode additional small proteins with specific subcellular localizations and virulence function
Geminiviruses are small plant-infecting viruses. Here the authors screen the geminivirus genome for small open reading frames that may have been previously overlooked and show that one encodes a protein named V3 that localizes to the Golgi and acts as an RNA silencing suppressor.
- Pan Gong
- , Huang Tan
- & Xueping Zhou
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Article
| Open AccessThe N-terminus of an Ustilaginoidea virens Ser-Thr-rich glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored protein elicits plant immunity as a MAMP
Ustilaginoidea virens is a fungal pathogen that infects rice via the panicles. Here, the authors show that U. virens SGP1, a conserved Ser-Thr-rich glycosyl-phosphatidyl-inositol-anchored protein, elicits immune responses in rice leaves while contributing to virulence in panicles.
- Tianqiao Song
- , You Zhang
- & Yongfeng Liu
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Article
| Open AccessDual impact of elevated temperature on plant defence and bacterial virulence in Arabidopsis
Temperature is known to influence plant disease development. Here Huot et al. show that elevated temperature can enhance Pseudomonas syringae effector delivery into plant cells and suppress SA biosynthesis while also finding a temperature-sensitive branch of the SA signaling pathway in Arabidopsis.
- Bethany Huot
- , Christian Danve M. Castroverde
- & Sheng Yang He
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Article
| Open AccessSalicylic acid biosynthesis is enhanced and contributes to increased biotrophic pathogen resistance in Arabidopsis hybrids
The molecular basis for heterosis, the phenomenon whereby hybrid plants show phenotypic superiority to their parents, remains poorly understood. Here, Yanget al. show that salicylic acid biosynthesis is enhanced in hybrids of Arabidopsis thalianaand correlates with heterosis for pathogen defence.
- Li Yang
- , Bosheng Li
- & Xing Wang Deng
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Article
| Open AccessTransgenerational gene silencing causes gain of virulence in a plant pathogen
Plant pathogens encode effector proteins that trigger immunity in plants carrying appropriate resistance genes. Here Qutob et al. show non-Mendelian interactions between naturally occurring Phytophthora sojaealleles that result in transgenerational gene silencing and gain of virulence in soybean plants.
- Dinah Qutob
- , B. Patrick Chapman
- & Mark Gijzen