Particle physics articles within Nature Physics

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  • News & Views |

    Many aspects of gauge theories — such as the one underlying quantum chromodynamics, which describes quark physics — evade common numerical methods. Tensor networks are getting closer to a solution, having successfully tackled the related problem of a three-dimensional quantum link model.

    • Mari Carmen Bañuls
    •  & Krzysztof Cichy

  • News & Views |

    Recent measurements of observables related to proton and neutron spin properties at low energies are in disagreement with the available theoretical predictions, and continue to challenge nuclear experimentalists and theorists alike.

    • Mohammad W. Ahmed

  • Editorial |

    The recent measurement of the muon’s anomalous magnetic moment increases the tension with predictions from theory. Or does it?

  • Article |

    Measurements of the proton’s spin structure in experiments scattering a polarized electron beam off polarized protons in regions of low momentum transfer squared test predictions from chiral effective field theory of the strong interaction.

    • X. Zheng
    • , A. Deur
    •  & Z. W. Zhao

  • Comment |

    Muon colliders offer enormous potential for the exploration of the particle physics frontier but are challenging to realize. A new international collaboration is forming to make such a muon collider a reality.

    • K. R. Long
    • , D. Lucchesi
    •  & V. Shiltsev

  • Comment
    | Open Access

    The particle physics community refreshes the roadmap for the field in Europe, taking into account the worldwide context, in the so-called European Strategy for Particle Physics update, which happens every seven years.

    • Fabiola Gianotti
    •  & Gian Francesco Giudice

  • Measure for Measure |

    Wolfgang Pauli introduced the Bohr magneton as a fundamental unit of magnetic moment during an effort to find a quantum basis for magnetism, as Davide Castelvecchi recounts.

    • Davide Castelvecchi

  • Article |

    The presence of axion-like dark matter candidates is expected to induce an oscillating magnetic field, enhanced by a ferromagnet. Limits on the electromagnetic coupling strength of axion-like particles are reported over a mass range spanning three decades.

    • Alexander V. Gramolin
    • , Deniz Aybas
    •  & Alexander O. Sushkov

  • Letter
    | Open Access

    The cores of neutron stars could be made of hadronic matter or quark matter. By combining first-principles calculations with observational data, evidence for the presence of quark matter in neutron star cores is found.

    • Eemeli Annala
    • , Tyler Gorda
    •  & Aleksi Vuorinen

  • Perspective
    | Open Access

    The Future Circular Colliders are proposed as a future step after the Large Hadron Collider has stopped running. The first stage foresees collision of electron–positron pairs before a machine upgrade to allow proton–proton operation.

    • Michael Benedikt
    • , Alain Blondel
    •  & Frank Zimmermann

  • Perspective |

    Proposals for the particle physics programmes in the United States and Asia are discussed; mainly the International Linear Collider in Japan, the Circular Electron–Positron Collider in China and accelerator-based long-baseline neutrino experiments in the United States.

    • Pushpalatha C. Bhat
    •  & Geoffrey N. Taylor

  • Perspective
    | Open Access

    The Compact Linear Collider is a proposed high-luminosity electron–positron collider that can reach TeV-scale energies. Its accelerator design and physics programme, mainly focusing on precision measurements and new physics searches, are discussed.

    • Eva Sicking
    •  & Rickard Ström

  • Perspective
    | Open Access

    Within the Physics Beyond Collider programme, complementary methods to high-energy frontier particle colliders to investigate the physics of elementary particles and their interactions are studied.

    • Joerg Jaeckel
    • , Mike Lamont
    •  & Claude Vallée

  • Books & Arts |

    • Bryden Le Bailly

  • Article |

    The internal structure of the neutron has now been probed by highly energetic photons scattering off it. Combined with previous results for protons, these measurements reveal the contributions of quark flavours to the nucleon structure.

    • M. Benali
    • , C. Desnault
    •  & P. Zhu

  • News & Views |

    A statistical analysis of data from ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions has uncovered the specific viscosities of the quark–gluon plasma — suggesting that the hottest matter in the current Universe behaves like a near-perfect fluid.

    • Kari J. Eskola

  • Letter |

    Electron bunches are generated and accelerated to relativistic velocities by tunnel ionization of neutral gas species in a plasma. This represents a step towards ultra-bright, high-emittance beams in plasma wakefield accelerators. [This summary has been amended from ‘laser-plasma’ to ‘plasma wakefield’ accelerators.]

    • A. Deng
    • , O. S. Karger
    •  & B. Hidding

  • News & Views |

    The visible mass in the Universe emerged when hadrons — the building blocks of atomic nuclei — formed from a hot fireball made of quarks and gluons. This mechanism has now been investigated in baryon-rich matter at relatively low temperatures.

    • Ralf Rapp

  • Article |

    Virtual photons emitted from strong-interaction matter created in relativistic heavy-ion collisions decay into electron–positron pairs, which provide information about the system’s properties.

    • J. Adamczewski-Musch
    • , O. Arnold
    •  & P. Zumbruch

  • News & Views |

    A measurement based on quantum entanglement of the parameter describing the asymmetry of the Λ hyperon decay is inconsistent with the current world average. This shows that relying on previous measurements can be hazardous.

    • Ulrik Egede

  • Measure for Measure |

    If you were ever puzzled about the fact that the detectors at the Large Hadron Collider record huge datasets despite the tiny probability of two protons colliding, this is for you. Steven Goldfarb and Katarina Anthony connect the dots.

    • Steven Goldfarb
    •  & Katarina Anthony

  • Comment |

    The Large Hadron Collider has completed its second data-taking period. For the next two years, the accelerator will shut down and the experiments will undergo major upgrades. Here’s a take on our past achievements — and a preview of the future.

    • Niels Tuning

  • Perspective
    | Open Access

    The solutions adopted by the high-energy physics community to foster reproducible research are examples of best practices that could be embraced more widely. This first experience suggests that reproducibility requires going beyond openness.

    • Xiaoli Chen
    • , Sünje Dallmeier-Tiessen
    •  & Sebastian Neubert

  • News & Views |

    Using data from the IceCube telescope, a study presents the first attempt at obtaining geophysical information about Earth’s internal structure from the flux of neutrinos that pass through it.

    • Véronique Van Elewyck

  • Letter |

    Geophysical properties of the Earth’s interior have been inferred by looking at the absorption of neutrinos as they pass through our planet.

    • Andrea Donini
    • , Sergio Palomares-Ruiz
    •  & Jordi Salvado

  • Measure for Measure |

    Understanding the muon’s magnetic moment holds the key for unlocking potential new physics, as Thomas Teubner shows.

    • Thomas Teubner

  • Letter |

    The weak interaction between the nucleus and the electrons in a chain of Yb isotopes is measured with tabletop atomic physics techniques. The dependence of the interaction strength on the number of neutrons confirms the prediction by standard model.

    • D. Antypas
    • , A. Fabricant
    •  & D. Budker

  • Research Highlight |

    • Stefanie Reichert

  • News & Views |

    The agent responsible for the accelerated expansion of the Universe is completely unknown. Delicate interference measurements of the quantum transitions of very slow neutrons bouncing on a flat table have constrained an interesting theoretical possibility.

    • W. Michael Snow

  • Article |

    The angle of Cherenkov radiation in one-dimensional photonic crystals can be controlled by making use of constructive interference. This feature allows new design of particle detectors with improved performance.

    • Xiao Lin
    • , Sajan Easo
    •  & Ido Kaminer

  • Article |

    A quantity that connects quantum information and gravity in the light of gauge/gravity correspondence is pointed out, leading to interesting properties of the entanglement of purification predicted in the holographic theories.

    • Koji Umemoto
    •  & Tadashi Takayanagi

  • News & Views |

    Active galactic nuclei are firm favourites to be revealed as the source of cosmic rays, but solid evidence has proven elusive. A model taking both local and global nuclei propagation into account may help to close the deal.

    • Julia Becker Tjus

  • Measure for Measure |

    High-precision laboratory experiments with neutrons and atoms are converging to a verdict on 'chameleon fields' as a possible explanation of dark energy, explains Tobias Jenke.

    • Tobias Jenke

  • News & Views |

    The ATLAS Collaboration observed photons elastically scattering from other photons — an effect predicted by quantum electrodynamics over 80 years ago.

    • Spencer R. Klein

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