Particle physics articles within Nature Physics

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  • News & Views |

    Questioning the validity of axioms can teach us about physics beyond the standard model. A recent search for the violation of charge conservation and the Pauli exclusion principle yields limits on these scenarios.

    • Alessio Porcelli

  • Comment |

    Supersymmetric quantum field theories have special properties that make them easier to study. This Comment discusses how the constraints that supersymmetry places on renormalization group flows have been used to study strongly coupled field theories.

    • Jaewon Song

  • Comment |

    The renormalization group evolved from ad hoc procedures to cope with divergences in perturbative calculations. This Comment summarizes efforts to develop a mathematically rigorous approach to renormalization group calculations.

    • Antti Kupiainen

  • Research Briefing |

    Using ‘momentum cooling’ in cyclotron-based proton therapy can increase proton transmission rates and thereby reduce treatment delivery times. This simple technique, which reduces the momentum spread of the proton beam without introducing substantial beam losses, enhances efficiency and has the potential to reduce costs, thereby advancing cancer treatment and improving patient outcomes.

  • Editorial |

    Exacerbated by the impacts of climate change and the recent energy crisis, concentrated efforts towards more sustainable research have become matters of urgency, in particular for large-scale accelerator complexes and light sources.

  • News & Views |

    The production of particle–antiparticle pairs in a vacuum — the Schwinger effect — requires extreme conditions that are out of reach of tabletop experiments. A mesoscopic simulation of this phenomenon has now been carried out in graphene devices.

    • Roshan Krishna Kumar

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Observations of the Schwinger effect—the creation of matter by electric fields—have been hindered by the high required field strength. A mesoscopic variant of the Schwinger effect has now been realized in graphene transistors.

    • A. Schmitt
    • , P. Vallet
    •  & B. Plaçais

  • News & Views |

    Ten years after the discovery of the Higgs boson, the ATLAS Collaboration probes its underlying mechanism, the electroweak symmetry breaking, by measuring the scattering of Z bosons, one of the mediators of the weak interactions.

    • Pietro Govoni
    •  & Andrea Massironi

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The ATLAS Collaboration reports the observation of the electroweak production of two jets and a Z-boson pair. This process is related to vector-boson scattering and allows the nature of electroweak symmetry breaking to be probed.

    • G. Aad
    • , B. Abbott
    •  & L. Zwalinski

  • News & Views |

    By recovering energy from a relativistically accelerated electron beam in a multiturn configuration, a reduction of radiofrequency power has been demonstrated. This is a milestone toward more efficient and better performing accelerators.

    • Peter Williams

  • Article |

    By combining energy recovery technology and a multi-turn accelerating scheme in a linear accelerator, high-power beams can be achieved with considerably reduced energy consumption.

    • Felix Schliessmann
    • , Michaela Arnold
    •  & Simon Weih

  • News & Views |

    In proton–proton collisions, the CMS Collaboration measures the simultaneous production of three particles, each consisting of a charm quark and a charm antiquark, which yields insights into how the proton’s constituents interact.

    • Jonathan Gaunt

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The CMS Collaboration reports the study of three simultaneous hard interactions between quarks and gluons in proton–proton collisions. This manifests through the concurrent production of three J/ψ mesons, which consist of a charm-quark–antiquark pair.

    • A. Tumasyan
    • , W. Adam
    •  & W. Vetens

  • News & Views |

    A potential observation of low-energy antihelium-3 nuclei would have profound impacts on our understanding of the Galaxy. Experiments at particle colliders help us understand how cosmic antimatter travels over long distances before reaching Earth.

    • Aihong Tang

  • News & Views |

    Lorentz symmetry violations might produce anomalies in the propagation of particles travelling through the Universe. The IceCube Collaboration performed the most precise search for such an effect with neutrinos, finding no sign of anomalous behaviour.

    • Giulia Gubitosi

  • News & Views |

    The CMS Collaboration finds evidence for the contribution from off-shell Higgs bosons to the production of events with two Z bosons. This provides a measurement of the Higgs boson’s width.

    • Thomas R. Junk

  • Research Briefing |

    The spatiotemporal profile of the electric field around a high-energy electron beam was visualized using an ultrafast technique based on electro-optic sampling. By investigating the formation of the Coulomb field it was possible to experimentally confirm the validity of the predictions of special relativity regarding electromagnetic fields.

  • Editorial |

    We celebrate the ten-year anniversary of the discovery of the Higgs boson — a whopping 48 years after its prediction.

  • Comment |

    As we celebrate the ten-year anniversary of the discovery of the Higgs boson, CERN’s Director-General at that time reminisces about the years leading up to this milestone.

    • Rolf-Dieter Heuer

  • News & Views |

    The hunt for new particles helps to complete our understanding of hadronic matter. The LHCb Collaboration now reports the surprising observation of a doubly charmed tetraquark.

    • Zhiqing Liu

  • Letter
    | Open Access

    The LHCb Collaboration reports the observation of an exotic, narrow, tetraquark state that contains two charm quarks, an up antiquark and a down antiquark.

    • R. Aaij
    • , A. S. W. Abdelmotteleb
    •  & G. Zunica

  • Editorial |

    The merits of conventional particle accelerators range from fundamental science to applications like radiotherapy. Plasma-based accelerators are getting up to speed and may overtake conventional ones in the near future.

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The Large Hadron Collider beauty collaboration reports a test of lepton flavour universality in decays of bottom mesons into strange mesons and a charged lepton pair, finding evidence of a violation of this principle postulated in the standard model.

    • R. Aaij
    • , C. Abellán Beteta
    •  & G. Zunica

  • Editorial |

    The analysis of the KATRIN Collaboration’s latest measurement campaign constrains the mass of the elusive neutrino with unprecedented sensitivity.

  • News & Views |

    Although the mass of the electron antineutrino is still eluding direct measurement, the KATRIN experiment with its huge spectrometer has pushed the sensitivity below a billionth of the proton mass.

    • Angelo Nucciotti

  • Article |

    A search for axion-like dark matter with a quantum sensor that enhances potential signals is reported. This work constrains the parameter space of different interactions between nucleons and axion-like particles and between nucleons and dark photons.

    • Min Jiang
    • , Haowen Su
    •  & Dmitry Budker

  • News & Views |

    Precise measurements of the annihilation of an electron–positron pair into a neutron–antineutron pair allow us to take a look inside the neutron to better understand its complex structure.

    • Galina Pakhlova

  • Letter |

    Form factors encode the structure of nucleons. Measurements from electron–positron annihilation at BESIII reveal an oscillating behaviour of the neutron electromagnetic form factor, and clarify a long-standing photon–nucleon interaction puzzle.

    • M. Ablikim
    • , M. N. Achasov
    •  & J. H. Zou

  • News & Views |

    The ATLAS Collaboration has confirmed with top quark events that the coupling of charged leptons to the weak interaction is universal — showcasing the feasibility of performing high-precision electroweak measurements at proton–proton colliders.

    • Florencia Canelli
    •  & Benjamin Kilminster

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