Featured
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Review Article |
Group 3 innate lymphoid cells in intestinal health and disease
Here, an overview of group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) is provided in gastrointestinal health and disease, highlighting their role in tissue physiology, immunity, inflammation and cancer. The biology and physiological function of ILC3s are described across different states and diseases along with a discussion on opportunities for therapeutic targeting.
- Veronika Horn
- & Gregory F. Sonnenberg
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Review Article |
Ultra-processed foods and food additives in gut health and disease
In this Review, Whelan and colleagues summarize and discuss evidence for the effects of ultra-processed foods and food additives on gut health and diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease, colorectal cancer and irritable bowel syndrome.
- Kevin Whelan
- , Aaron S. Bancil
- & Benoit Chassaing
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Review Article |
Another renaissance for bile acid gastrointestinal microbiology
This Review discusses the role of the gut microbiome in the conversion of primary to secondary bile acids and critically evaluates biochemical pathways that are less well understood. Insights into how secondary bile acid derivatives influence host immune function are also described.
- Jason M. Ridlon
- & H. Rex Gaskins
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Review Article |
Effects of dietary fibre on metabolic health and obesity
Obesity and metabolic syndrome are two complex and multifactorial conditions. This Review provides a comprehensive overview of dietary fibres, discussing physiochemical properties, microbiota interactions and therapeutic interventions for body weight and insulin resistance regulation.
- Edward C. Deehan
- , Valentin Mocanu
- & Karen L. Madsen
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World View |
Contrasting aspects of human excreta
Our Ig Nobel Prize-winning smart toilet research confronts societal taboos and uses humour as a gateway to advance serious dialogue about health technology. It is a call to action to embrace innovation, foster richer scientific discussions and support pioneering research for tangible health advancements.
- Seung-min Park
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Review Article |
Autism spectrum disorders and the gastrointestinal tract: insights into mechanisms and clinical relevance
Gastrointestinal issues are common in autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). This Review provides a comprehensive overview of the clinical and mechanistic connections between ASDs and gastrointestinal disorders and how these data might be utilized for future research and novel therapeutic targets.
- Lin Y. Hung
- & Kara Gross Margolis
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Review Article |
Fermented foods and gastrointestinal health: underlying mechanisms
Fermented foods have gained renewed popularity owing to their health-promoting potential. This Review discusses the mechanisms underlying the benefits of fermented foods in gut health and disease, highlighting how specific fermented food microorganisms, food components and bioactive compounds exert their effects. A future outlook on research is also detailed.
- Arghya Mukherjee
- , Samuel Breselge
- & Paul D. Cotter
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Research Highlight |
Tumour-associated macrophages and pancreatic cancer: an inflammatory loop
- Jordan Hindson
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Year in Review |
Fresh perspectives on how to build, maintain and repair the ENS
Enteric nervous system function is essential for survival. Studies published in 2023 have provided important novel insights into the mechanisms that regulate its development and maintenance, and demonstrate how it can be restored when these mechanisms fail.
- Werend Boesmans
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Research Highlight |
Understanding remodelling of bile ducts to promote polycystic liver disease
- Katrina Ray
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Review Article |
The intestine as an endocrine organ and the role of gut hormones in metabolic regulation
Hormones released in the gut orchestrate pivotal physiological processes. In this Review, the authors present an overview of gut hormones that are involved in the regulation of metabolism, and discuss their action in the gastrointestinal system and beyond.
- Rula Bany Bakar
- , Frank Reimann
- & Fiona M. Gribble
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Review Article |
Commensal fungi in intestinal health and disease
The importance of commensal fungi in health and disease is becoming increasingly clear. In this Review, Ost and Round discuss the involvement of the mycobiota in intestinal diseases, and consider potential opportunities to target fungi and their interactions for therapeutic purposes.
- Kyla S. Ost
- & June L. Round
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Research Highlight |
Epigenetic plasticity associated with pancreatic tumorigenesis in mice
- Jordan Hindson
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Roadmap |
A Roadmap for the Human Gut Cell Atlas
Single-cell profiling studies of the human gastrointestinal tract are increasing, offering an excellent opportunity to generate the first Human Gut Cell Atlas. This Roadmap presents a structured direction towards this goal and provides a detailed overview of the major challenges.
- Matthias Zilbauer
- , Kylie R. James
- & Keith T. Wilson
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Review Article |
Fetal liver development and implications for liver disease pathogenesis
Advances in single-cell technologies and lineage tracing have improved our understanding of liver development. In this Review, Hoodless and colleagues discuss the formation of liver parenchymal and non-parenchymal cell types, and describe emerging parallels between early liver development and the pathogenesis of liver injury.
- Jeremy Lotto
- , Tabea L. Stephan
- & Pamela A. Hoodless
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News & Views |
Microbial cues stimulate linear growth in undernourished mice
A new study has found that a strain of the gut bacterium Lactiplantibacillus plantarum activates a NOD2–type I interferon–insulin-like growth factor 1 pathway in young mice to partially protect against the deleterious growth effects of a diet deficient in protein and fat. Could live biotherapeutic products or their derivatives unlock the full potential of nutritional interventions against childhood stunting?
- Chioma Moneme
- & Sean R. Moore
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Review Article |
Paracellular permeability and tight junction regulation in gut health and disease
Increased intestinal permeability owing to tight junction barrier loss could be targeted in gastrointestinal diseases associated with increased permeability. In this Review, the authors discuss the molecular components and regulation of the tight junction, and consider the relevance to gut diseases and therapeutic opportunities.
- Arie Horowitz
- , Sandra D. Chanez-Paredes
- & Jerrold R. Turner
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Review Article |
Gut–liver axis: barriers and functional circuits
In this Review, Pabst and colleagues discuss the gut–liver axis, with an emphasis on the establishment and regulation of structural and functional barriers, dynamics within the axis (immune responses and microbiome) and clinical implications.
- Oliver Pabst
- , Mathias W. Hornef
- & Tony Bruns
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Perspective |
The appendix and ulcerative colitis — an unsolved connection
The appendix is thought to have a role in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis but the association remains unclear. In this Perspective, the authors consider the biology of the appendix with respect to its immunological function and the microbiome, and how this relates to its possible involvement in ulcerative colitis.
- Manasi Agrawal
- , Kristine H. Allin
- & Jean-Frederic Colombel
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Research Highlight |
Mucus secretion from colonic goblet cells is regulated by autophagy and ER stress
- Jordan Hindson
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Review Article |
Human intestinal B cells in inflammatory diseases
Intestinal B cell responses are crucial in maintaining gut homeostasis. This Review discusses the role of human intestinal B cells in health and intestinal disease and provides a comprehensive overview of their features.
- Jo Spencer
- & Mats Bemark
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Comment |
XVIIth Little Brain Big Brain: an extraordinary meeting in extraordinary times
Little Brain Big Brain is a biannual meeting organized and attended by young investigators. Since its inception in 1989, this meeting has brought together promising junior researchers in neurogastroenterology. The XVIIth meeting featured the latest basic, clinical and industry research in the field in a special post-pandemic edition.
- Constanza Alcaino
- , Florencia Carbone
- & Naomi E. B. Tjaden
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Review Article |
Environmental enteric dysfunction: gut and microbiota adaptation in pregnancy and infancy
In this Review, Cowardin, Moore and colleagues discuss advances in our understanding of environmental enteric dysfunction in the context of intestinal adaptation and the gut microbiome during pregnancy, lactation and early childhood.
- Carrie A. Cowardin
- , Sana Syed
- & Sean R. Moore
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Year in Review |
The many means of conversation between the brain and the gut
Various pathways enable communication between the gut and brain, and this communication influences physiology and behaviour. Studies published in 2022 demonstrate how our understanding of several of these pathways is advancing rapidly.
- Marlene M. Hao
- & Lincon A. Stamp
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Perspective |
Intestinal gluconeogenesis: metabolic benefits make sense in the light of evolution
Intestinal gluconeogenesis (IGN) is a conserved mechanism documented in all vertebrates and it has a crucial role in energy homeostasis and metabolic processes. This Perspective provides an overview of IGN and discusses its importance in natural selection.
- Amandine Gautier-Stein
- & Gilles Mithieux
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Research Highlight |
Targeting hyperactive tRNA modification improves anti-PD1 efficacy
- Eleni Kotsiliti
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Journal Club |
Mechanosensitive release of 5-HT from specialized intestinal epithelial cells
- Constanza Alcaino
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Review Article |
Targeting the endocannabinoid system for the treatment of abdominal pain in irritable bowel syndrome
There are limited available treatment options for the management of abdominal pain in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). This Review provides an overview of the gastrointestinal endocannabinoid system and its potential as a therapeutic target for the treatment of pain in IBS.
- Stuart M. Brierley
- , Beverley Greenwood-Van Meerveld
- & Jan Tack
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Review Article |
The role of goblet cells and mucus in intestinal homeostasis
Mucus, produced by goblet cells, provides the intestinal tract with an additional layer of protection. This Review discusses the role of mucus and goblet cells in intestinal health and disease, and dissects the underlying regulatory mechanisms.
- Jenny K. Gustafsson
- & Malin E. V. Johansson
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Perspective |
Methanogenic archaea in the human gastrointestinal tract
Archaea are an overlooked member of the human gut microbiota. This Perspective discusses key characteristics of archaea, their role in human health and physiology, and the clinical relevance of methanogenic archaea in the human gastrointestinal tract.
- Christoph Hoegenauer
- , Heinz F. Hammer
- & Christine Moissl-Eichinger
Tackling sorbitol intolerance
RET signalling controls gut motility
Hybrid EASL Congress 2023
Microbiota-derived metabolites in PDAC
Enteric neurons and gut homeostasis