Bose–Einstein condensates articles within Nature Physics

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  • Article
    | Open Access

    Connecting two superfluid reservoirs leads to both particle and entropy flow between the systems. Now, a direct measurement of the entropy current and production in ultracold quantum gases reveals how superfluidity enhances entropy transport.

    • Philipp Fabritius
    • , Jeffrey Mohan
    •  & Tilman Esslinger

  • News & Views |

    Quantum simulators can provide new insights into the complicated dynamics of quantum many-body systems far from equilibrium. A recent experiment reveals that underlying symmetries dictate the nature of universal scaling dynamics.

    • Maximilian Prüfer

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The transition from a metastable state to the ground state in classical many-body systems is mediated by bubble nucleation. This transition has now been experimentally observed in a quantum setting using coupled atomic superfluids.

    • A. Zenesini
    • , A. Berti
    •  & G. Ferrari

  • Article |

    The realization of cold and dense electron–hole systems by optical excitation is hindered by the heating caused by particle recombination. Now, cold and dense electron–hole systems have been observed in heterostructures with separated electron and hole layers.

    • D. J. Choksy
    • , E. A. Szwed
    •  & L. N. Pfeiffer

  • Article |

    The scaling of entanglement entropy and mutual information is key for the understanding of correlated states of matter. An experiment now reports the measurement of von Neumann entropy and mutual information in a quantum field simulator.

    • Mohammadamin Tajik
    • , Ivan Kukuljan
    •  & Jörg Schmiedmayer

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The realization of ultracold molecules in higher bands of an optical lattice sets the stage for the study of the interplay between orbital physics and the Bose–Einstein condensation and Bardeen–Cooper–Schrieffer superfluidity crossover.

    • Yann Kiefer
    • , Max Hachmann
    •  & Andreas Hemmerich

  • Article |

    In bosonic systems, the presence of particles in a given quantum level can enhance the transition rates into that state, an effect known as bosonic stimulation. Bosonic enhancement of light scattering has now been observed in an ultracold Bose gas.

    • Yu-Kun Lu
    • , Yair Margalit
    •  & Wolfgang Ketterle

  • News & Views |

    The observation of quantized vortices in a rotating gas of magnetic atoms confirms a long-standing prediction and has far-reaching implications for the study of phenomena related to superfluidity.

    • Zoran Hadzibabic

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Ultracold gases composed of lanthanide atoms are characterized by long-range dipolar interactions. These have now been exploited to observe quantized vortices in a dipolar condensate through the manipulation of the atoms by rotating external magnetic fields.

    • Lauritz Klaus
    • , Thomas Bland
    •  & Francesca Ferlaino

  • Letter |

    A heterostructure supports the equilibrium bound states of an electron and hole—excitons—that strongly interact with each other. This provides a platform for the quantum simulation of bosonic lattice models.

    • Jie Gu
    • , Liguo Ma
    •  & Kin Fai Mak

  • News & Views |

    Entanglement can provide an extra boost in precision, but entangled states are hard to detect. A recent experiment solves this problem by letting the entangling dynamics come full circle — or not, depending on the subtle perturbation to be sensed.

    • Philipp Kunkel
    •  & Monika Schleier-Smith

  • Article |

    Nonlinear interferometry based on time reversal enables entanglement-enhanced measurements without the need for low-noise detection. An alternative approach now exploits cyclic dynamics and shows performance beyond the standard quantum limit.

    • Qi Liu
    • , Ling-Na Wu
    •  & Li You

  • News & Views |

    Interacting quantum systems are difficult to formulate theoretically, but Nikolai Bogoliubov offered a workaround more than 70 years ago that has stood the test of time. Now, correlations that are a crucial feature of his theory have been observed.

    • S. S. Hodgman
    •  & A. G. Truscott

  • Letter |

    The evolution of many-body magnetic spin systems is influenced by many factors, including inhomogeneity and the presence of interfaces. These effects have now been measured in a far-from-equilibrium binary mixture of ultracold gases.

    • A. Farolfi
    • , A. Zenesini
    •  & G. Ferrari

  • Review Article |

    The freedom to manipulate quantum gases with external fields makes them an ideal platform for studying many-body physics. Floquet engineering using time-periodic modulations has greatly expanded the range of accessible models and phenomena.

    • Christof Weitenberg
    •  & Juliette Simonet

  • Letter |

    Quantum impurities immersed in a bosonic environment can evolve into polaronic quasiparticles, so-called polarons. Interferometric measurement reveals this transition, which involves three different regimes dominated by few-body and many-body dynamics.

    • Magnus G. Skou
    • , Thomas G. Skov
    •  & Jan J. Arlt

  • Letter |

    Starting from a strongly correlated state, with highly non-Gaussian correlations, a Gaussian state can emerge dynamically over time. Experiments with ultracold atoms show how the mixing between phase and density fluctuations plays the crucial role.

    • Thomas Schweigler
    • , Marek Gluza
    •  & Jörg Schmiedmayer

  • Comment |

    #BlackInPhysics Week aimed to build community among physicists by celebrating, supporting and increasing the visibility of Black physicists. The week accomplished all of this, and more.

    • Charles D. Brown II
    •  & Eileen Gonzales

  • Perspective |

    Some gravitational phenomena are difficult or even impossible to observe in real spacetime. Laboratory analogues of black-hole horizons offer new perspectives on field theory effects that might help our understanding of gravitation.

    • Carlos Barceló

  • Article |

    Surface plasmon polaritons in an array of metallic nanoparticles evolve quickly into the band minimum by interacting with a molecule bath, forming a Bose–Einstein condensate at room temperature within picoseconds.

    • Tommi K. Hakala
    • , Antti J. Moilanen
    •  & Päivi Törmä

  • News & Views |

    Flow without friction is a strange phenomenon usually seen in quantum fluids that are cooled to temperatures near absolute zero, but features of superfluidity have now been seen with polaritons at ambient conditions.

    • Thilo Stöferle

  • Article |

    Exciton–polariton condensates have garnered interest as a means to access macroscopic displays of quantum phenomena such as Bose–Einstein condensation and superfluidity. In this work, a direct measure of the polariton–polariton interaction is obtained.

    • Yongbao Sun
    • , Yoseob Yoon
    •  & Keith A. Nelson

  • News & Views |

    An excitonic Bose–Einstein condensate has so far been realized only in particular semiconductor heterostructure setups. Now, experiments show that such condensates can form in double graphene bilayers separated by hexagonal boron nitride.

    • Koji Muraki

  • Letter |

    An electronic double layer, subjected to a high magnetic field, can form an exciton condensate: a Bose–Einstein condensate of Coulomb-bound electron–hole pairs. Now, exciton condensation is reported for a graphene/boron-nitride/graphene structure.

    • Xiaomeng Liu
    • , Kenji Watanabe
    •  & Philip Kim

  • Letter |

    Strongly interacting bosons have been predicted to display a transition into a superfluid ground state, similar to Bose–Einstein condensation. This effect is now observed in a double bilayer graphene structure, with excitons as the bosonic particles.

    • J. I. A. Li
    • , T. Taniguchi
    •  & C. R. Dean

  • News & Views |

    A milestone for quantum hydrodynamics may have been reached, with experiments on a black hole-like event horizon for sound waves providing strong evidence for a sonic analogue of Hawking radiation.

    • Iacopo Carusotto
    •  & Roberto Balbinot

  • Article |

    Studies of supercurrent phenomena, such as superconductivity and superfluidity, are usually restricted to cryogenic temperatures, but evidence suggests that a magnon supercurrent can be excited in a Bose–Einstein magnon condensate at room temperature.

    • Dmytro A. Bozhko
    • , Alexander A. Serga
    •  & Burkard Hillebrands

  • Letter |

    An experiment reports the unexpected behaviour of an object in uniform motion in superfluid helium-3 above the Landau critical velocity — the limit above which it can generate excitations at no energy cost.

    • D. I. Bradley
    • , S. N. Fisher
    •  & D. E. Zmeev

  • Letter |

    The stability of a large class of elemental knots and links to so-called reconnections is studied numerically using the Gross–Pitaevskii model for a superfluid, demonstrating that they universally untie.

    • Dustin Kleckner
    • , Louis H. Kauffman
    •  & William T. M. Irvine

  • Letter |

    A simulation method connects single-shot measurements in ultracold atom experiments to the probability distribution of the many-body wavefunction, elucidating the role of the fluctuations in different experimental situations.

    • Kaspar Sakmann
    •  & Mark Kasevich

  • Article |

    Knots have been observed in a variety of classical systems, but so far not in the quantum regime. Knot solitons have now been created in a spinor Bose–Einstein condensate, exhibiting interesting topological structures, including Hopf fibration.

    • D. S. Hall
    • , M. W. Ray
    •  & M. Möttönen

  • Commentary |

    Bose–Einstein condensation in atomic gases was first observed in 1995. As we look back at the past 20 years of this thriving field, it's clear that there is much to celebrate.

    • Wolfgang Ketterle

  • Progress Article |

    Ultracold-atom experiments enable more flexibility in the study of quantum transport phenomena that are otherwise difficult to probe in solid-state systems. A survey of recent advances highlights the challenges and opportunities of this approach.

    • Chih-Chun Chien
    • , Sebastiano Peotta
    •  & Massimiliano Di Ventra

  • News & Views |

    The Anderson transition point between localization and diffusion — the mobility edge — has now been directly measured in an ultracold-atom experiment.

    • Laurent Sanchez-Palencia

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