Achalasia is a disorder of the oesophageal smooth muscle characterized by impaired lower oesophageal sphincter relaxation and absent or spastic oesophageal body contractions. This Primer reviews the epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis and management of achalasia, as well as patient quality of life and areas for further research.
- Edoardo Savarino
- Shobna Bhatia
- C. Prakash Gyawali