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Evidence is accumulating that androgen deprivation therapy is associated with increased risks of cardiovascular and metabolic complications. In this Viewpoint, the authors discuss why they consider exercise therapy to be so important in reducing these associated risks.
Over 200,000 new diagnoses of renal cell carcinoma are made each year in the US, Europe and Australia. Surgical resection is the standard treatment procedure for this disorder; however, there are concerns about what type of nephrectomy procedure will avoid positive surgical margins and high recurrence rates. In this Review, Lam and colleagues assess the different methods of nephrectomy and consider their associations with surgical margins and, therefore, patient prognosis.
There has been increasing interest in the use of botulinum toxins for urological disorders because they have shown effective modulation in striated muscle. In this Review, Chancellor and colleagues look at the experimental evidence for the use of botulinum toxin type A in the lower urinary tract.
Renal call carcinoma is frequently associated with venous tumor thrombus that involves the inferior vena cava. In this Review, Karnes and Blute examine how surgical resection of these tumors should be managed, and emphasize the tactic of operating on the inferior vena cava rather than on the kidney.
In this Case Study, Tseng and Matlaga report on a 50-year-old man with a 1.5 cm lower pole renal calculus who was successfully treated with percutaneous nephrolithotomy. They discuss the management options for patients presenting with lower pole calculi and highlight the need for studies evaluating quality-of-life outcomes for the different approaches.
In this Case Study, Masterson and Russo report on a patient with a small renal mass who underwent hand-assisted laparoscopic partial nephrectomy and was subsequently found to have substantial locoregional and port-site recurrence. The authors highlight the importance of adherence to oncologic principles when using minimally invasive techniques to treat renal tumors.
