A prospective, double-blind, randomized trial has assessed whether infusion of sodium bicarbonate is protective against contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI). Solomon et al. compared the effects of high dose sodium bicarbonate with high dose sodium chloride in patients undergoing angiography with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <45 ml/min/1.73 m2. No significant differences were found between the two groups in the incidence of CI-AKI, or a composite of death, dialysis, or sustained 6-month reduction in eGFR.