Dreaming was thought to be confined to rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, which occurs during periods of high-frequency electroencephalographic (EEG) activity, but, more recently, dreaming has been observed during periods of non-REM sleep, which is characterized by low-frequency EEG activity. Monitoring brain activity using high-density EEG, participants were awoken during REM and non-REM sleep and reported on the presence or absence of dreaming. The authors found that the presence of high-frequency EEG activity was predictive of dreaming during non-REM sleep.
References
Siclari, F. et al. The neural correlates of dreaming. Nat. Neurosci. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nn.4545 (2017)
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Lewis, S. Dream a little dream. Nat Rev Neurosci 18, 324 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1038/nrn.2017.66
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nrn.2017.66