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Two new studies provide insights into the close association betweenWolbachiaspp. and their hosts; one shows plant-mediated transmission and the other the bacterial origin of a new host sex chromosome.
This paper shows that the intestinal microbiota is required for normal expansion of the pancreatic β-cell population in zebrafish during early larval development.
This month's Genome Watch discusses how whole-genome sequencing of bacteria from several body sites has provided insights into the spatial diversity of bacteria within patients.
Entry into the nucleus and integration into the host cell are key steps during HIV-1 infection. In this Review, Lusic and Siliciano discuss viral and host factors that influence HIV-1 integration and how it can be targeted therapeutically.
Cellulosomes are sophisticated multicomponent complexes that are used by bacteria to degrade cellulose from plant cell walls. In this review, Artzi, Bayer and Moraïs explore the structural and functional diversity of cellulosomes and their applications; for example, in microbial biofuel production.
In this Review, Noble and colleagues discuss the characteristics of the classic cell types ofCandida albicans— yeast, hyphae, pseudohyphae and chlamydospores — as well as newly identified yeast-like morphotypes, including grey and gastrointestinally induced transition (GUT) cell types, and highlight emerging knowledge about their associations with different host niches and propensities towards virulence versus commensalism.
In addition to viruses, bacteria such asHelicobacter pylori and Salmonella enterica subsp. entericaserovar Typhi have been linked to cancer development. Progress has been made in our understanding of how bacterial effectors contribute to cancer directly by influencing host cell signalling pathways and indirectly by causing tissue damage and inflammatory responses.
