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During the cell cycle, organelles such as the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus must be replicated and partitioned into the daughter cells. Different mechanisms have evolved in yeasts, protozoa and metazoans to solve this problem.
Common regulatory enzymes affect the function of the class O of forkhead box transcription factors (FoxOs) and p53 in an opposite manner. Recent findings indicate that this shared yet opposing regulatory network between FoxOs and p53 may underlie a 'trade-off' between disease and lifespan.
Recent large-scale functional genomics and proteomics analyses have revealed novel molecules that are involved in regulating centrosome function and biogenesis. Other studies indicate that certain molecules that inhibit the re-replication of DNA might also inhibit centriole reduplication, thereby linking chromosome and centrosome cycles.
The growth of the blood and lymphatic systems provides an excellent example for the tight coordination of diverse cellular processes during tissue morphogenesis. Elucidation of the molecular players and their roles in the development of endothelial networks will also provide insights into human disease.
Many RNA-binding proteins have a modular structure and are composed of multiple repeats of a few small RNA-binding domains. By arranging the domains in various ways, these proteins can carry out their diverse biological roles in an RNA-specific manner.
Understanding the mechanisms of plant development requires the ability to monitor the spatial and temporal control of gene and protein activity as well as cell behaviours in real timein vivo. The dynamic properties of plant processes can now be captured through the simultaneous use of live imaging and transient perturbation technologies.
In vitroembryonic stem (ES)-cell studies present a unique set of tools to understand embryonic development; however, these studies face many challenges. What are the current and future strategies for the exploitation of ES cells in developmental cell biology?
