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The best time point to determine cure of chronic hepatitis C was explored in a retrospective analysis of five published trials of sofosbuvir–ribavirin with or without PEG-IFN. The authors conclude that SVR12 can be used effectively to determine 'cure' rates in trials and in clinical practice.
Oesophageal dysphagia is considered to be an 'alarm symptom' related to diseases such as oesophageal carcinoma and more commonly, functional disorders. Frank Zerbib and Taher Omari discuss the different aetiologies and clinical presentation of oesophageal dysphagia. In addition, they outline the use of endoscopy, biopsy and high resolution manometry for diagnosis.
The association that the mycobiome has with gastrointestinal health and disease is gradually being revealed using state-of-the-art sequencing technologies. This Review presents the latest research on the interaction between fungi, bacteria and the host in relation to gastrointestinal disease, in particular IBD and graft-versus-host disease. The authors point out that further research is needed in this developing area of science and highlight areas of future endeavour.