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The global obesity epidemic shows no sign of slowing down. Primary prevention at the population level is a huge challenge, however, particularly given the sedentary lifestyle of many modern societies. Nonetheless, the authors of this Viewpoint argue that targeting physical inactivity could represent a step in the right direction.
Subclinical hyperthyroidism is a common biochemical finding, characterized by low levels of serum TSH but normal serum T4 and T3levels. Potential adverse consequences include increased risk of atrial fibrillation and death from vascular diseases. Whether the evidence for harm associated with subclinical hyperthyroidism is sufficient to drive the need for treatment is discussed.
A history of gestational diabetes mellitus predisposes women to the future development of type 2 diabetes mellitus. This Review discusses current guidelines for postpartum screening and how they might be implemented. In addition, the authors describe measures to prevent type 2 diabetes mellitus, focusing on lifestyle modifications, such as breast-feeding.
Cushing disease is an uncommon disorder frequently caused by microadenoma. Although treatment has been greatly improved by the evolution of radiotherapy, radiosurgery and medications, in a substantial proportion of cases the disease is refractory or recurrent. This Review presents and discusses the various management options for such patients.
The global obesity epidemic is clearly driven by environmental factors; however, inherited factors can also influence human adiposity. In this Review, the authors focus on the genes implicated in monogenic obesity syndromes. These genes encode components of the leptin–melanocortin pathway, which is critical for regulation of food intake and body weight.
Since a 'type 2 phenotype' has become increasingly common in patients with type 1 diabetes, the etiology of diabetes can no longer be established exclusively on the basis of phenotypic presentation. This Case Study illustrates the difficulty of diagnosis in an obese adolescent with new onset diabetes, and discusses management and follow-up strategies.
