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In an era of expanding perioperative approaches for resectable non–small-cell lung cancer, new data demonstrate that dual neoadjuvant immunotherapy targeting PD-1 and LAG-3 is feasible; future analyses may enhance patient selection by identifying immune signatures predictive of response.
A two-step, video-based deep learning model is developed to first screen for cardiac anomalies using noncontrast magnetic resonance imaging, followed by diagnosis of 11 types of cardiovascular disease using gadolinium enhancement-based imaging.
In a prospective observational study, symptoms of anxiety and/or depression were associated with worse response to first-line treatment with immunotherapy in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer.
Genome-wide analyses of vaccine antibody responses in 2,499 infants from Uganda, South Africa and Burkina Faso identify associations between specific HLA genes and response to eight vaccines, providing insights that could be considered for population-adjusted vaccine design strategies.
This Review outlines the state of the art of artificial intelligence in the preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative settings, where it has enormous potential to improve patient outcomes, surgical education and system efficiencies.
Using single-cell RNA and T cell receptor sequencing along with microscopy, we identified the cell types and genes associated with immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy-related colitis. Our study will help to identify targets for early diagnosis and lays the groundwork for the development of safer immunotherapy regimens.
Final results of two studies — whose preliminary data led to regulatory approval of the gene therapy exagamglogene autotemcel — describe highly effective treatment of sickle-cell disease and transfusion-dependent β-thalassemia.
Single-cell multi-omic analysis of 300,000 cells from 29 patients representing peripheral immune cells and colon mucosal immune, epithelial and mesenchymal cells reveals crosstalk between circulating and tissue-resident immune cells with epithelial cells in checkpoint inhibitor colitis and identifies potential therapeutic targets.
Large language models can translate the archaic language of pharmacy prescriptions into plain English, but reducing medication errors for patients will require interventions that go further.
A pilot study suggests that the bispecific T cell engager blinatumomab may provide a new therapy for patients with refractory rheumatoid arthritis; larger studies and deep phenotyping will be crucial to thoroughly evaluate and optimize this approach.
The lay summary of trial results to be provided to participants should be written in plain language, use infographics and be concise — something that currently is almost never achieved.
The World Health Organization framework for tracking SARS-CoV-2 variants has been updated to reflect the continued evolution of the virus; this framework could be adapted for other emerging respiratory diseases with epidemic and pandemic potential.
A randomized controlled trial showed that following a personalized dietary program led to significant improvements in cardiometabolic and gut health as well as reductions in body weight compared to following standard dietary advice according to US Department of Agriculture guidelines.
Exome-sequencing analysis in a Chinese cohort of 1,578 children with cerebral palsy established a genetic etiology in 387 of the patients (24.5%). Children with cerebral palsy for whom perinatal asphyxia had been recorded at birth were found to be more likely to carry pathogenic or potentially pathogenic variants.
Growing interest in non-invasive brain–computer interfaces, rather than implants, might improve accessibility for patients, but resolution needs to be improved.
New data confirm that APOE4 homozygosity is a major genetic cause of Alzheimer’s disease, warranting the development of specialized research strategies, treatment approaches and clinical trials.
The study on APOE4 homozygosity indicates a genetic variant of Alzheimer’s disease with early symptom onset and distinct biomarker progression, highlighting the need for specialized treatment approaches.
In a tumor-agnostic phase 2 basket trial, the oral FGFR1–FGFR3 inhibitor pemigatinib elicits responses in tumor types beyond cholangiocarcinoma and bladder cancer and in tumor types with rarer FGFR alterations, with insights provided into resistance mechanisms.
Post hoc analysis of the DAPA-HF and DELIVER trials reports on the approach of win statistics to evaluate the effect of dapagliflozin on a hierarchical composite kidney outcome in patients with heart failure.