Nature Immunology5, 975 - 979 (2004)
Published online: 28 September 2004; | doi:10.1038/ni1116
Toll-like receptors in the pathogenesis of human disease
Donald N Cook, David S Pisetsky
& David A Schwartz
Donald N. Cook, David S. Pisetsky and David A. Schwartz are with the Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, and the Durham Veterans Administration Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA.
Members of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family are key regulators of both innate and adaptive immune responses. The function of TLRs in various human diseases has been investigated by comparison of the incidence of disease among people having different polymorphisms in genes that participate in TLR signaling. These studies have shown that TLR function affects several diseases, including sepsis, immunodeficiencies, atherosclerosis and asthma. As this body of data grows, it will provide new insights into disease pathogenesis as well as valuable information on the merits of various therapeutic options.
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