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Defects in centromere cohesion result in lagging chromosomes (seen as three DNA bodies). The image shows immunofluorescence microscopy of fission yeast cells mutant for the Sphase regulator Hsk1 (Cdc7) and that contain lagging chromosomes. Staining of mitotic spindles (red) and DNA (blue) is shown.
Apoptosis is a feature of many diseases and is critical for the sculpting and maintenance of tissues. New work demonstrates that calcium released from the endoplasmic reticulum synchronizes the mass exodus of cytochrome c from the mitochondria, a phenomenon that coordinates apoptosis.
Some kinesin motors can move along a microtubule for many hundred steps without dissociating. These motors are dimers, but precisely how the two motor domains are coordinated during stepping is still the subject of debate. A novel experimental approach offers new insights.
Polarized epithelia require selective protein trafficking to establish and preserve distinct apical and basolateral surfaces. Recent work indicates that in polarized cells, the AP-1B clathrin adaptor recognizes certain basolateral targeting signals in an endosomal compartment where it seems to not only capture cargo but also promote recruitment of targeting and fusion machinery, ensuring accurate polarized sorting.
Work in this issue advances our understanding of how the small G protein Cdc42 functions to polarize budding yeast. Remarkably, Cdc42 can polarize in the absence of upstream cues or positive feedback from the cytoskeleton. Polarization requires the scaffold protein Bem1 and cycling of Cdc42 between its GTP- and GDP-bound states.