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Nuclear transplantation in process. A bovine oocyte is held by a glass pipette (left),while a glass needle (right) is used to remove the maternal nucleus. A polar body (top) is located just underneath the zona pellucida (the thick envelope surrounding the ovum). Stained with bisbenzimide (Hoeschst 33342; Sigma) dye and visualized under a fluorescence microscope. On page 689, Lanza et al. report the successful transplantation of cloned cells into a steer. Picture courtesy Advanced Cell Technology.
Therapeutic cancer vaccines offer hope for patients for whom traditional treatments have failed, but various obstacles may impede the launch of these new agents.
Therapeutic cloning promises to provide genetically matched replacement tissue, but non-self mitochondrial proteins derived from the recipient oocyte could render cloned tissue immunogenic. A new study examines this issue.
Programmable ribozymes that can attach non-natural amino acids to specific tRNAs may expand the range of amino acids available for protein engineering.
Reporter ribozymes that allow monitoring of protein–nucleic acid and protein–protein interactions facilitate rapid identification of inhibitors for use in drug discovery.