Abstract
The microbiome has an important role in human health. Changes in the microbiota can confer resistance to or promote infection by pathogenic bacteria. Antibiotics have a profound impact on the microbiota that alters the nutritional landscape of the gut and can lead to the expansion of pathogenic populations. Pathogenic bacteria exploit microbiota-derived sources of carbon and nitrogen as nutrients and regulatory signals to promote their own growth and virulence. By eliciting inflammation, these bacteria alter the intestinal environment and use unique systems for respiration and metal acquisition to drive their expansion. Unravelling the interactions between the microbiota, the host and pathogenic bacteria will produce strategies for manipulating the microbiota against infectious diseases.
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Acknowledgements
Work in the V.S. laboratory is supported by US National Institutes of Health (NIH) grants AI053067, AI077613, AI05135 and AI114511. Work in the A.J.B. laboratory is supported by US Department of Agriculture grant 2015-67015-22930 and NIH grants AI044170, AI096528, AI112445, AI114922 and AI117940. The contents of this Review are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the NIH National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases.
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Bäumler, A., Sperandio, V. Interactions between the microbiota and pathogenic bacteria in the gut. Nature 535, 85–93 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1038/nature18849
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nature18849
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